Pediatric pneumonia

Abstract

BackgroundPediatric pneumonia is a significant cause of inpatient care in the United States. Significant resource utilization and the high cost of care necessitate careful evaluation, especially with continuously decreasing financial resources. Several studies have evaluated subsets and regional impact of these diagnoses, but only a few have evaluated these on a national level.MethodsThis retrospective analysis utilized the 2009–2012 HCUP KID Inpatient Dataset to evaluate the relationship between pneumonia diagnosis and factors affecting cost for patients between 0 and 21. One hundred forty-five thousand one hundred forty-six patients’ charges with primary pneumonia diagnosis were evaluated based on LOS, chronic conditions, severity, mortality and region.ResultsMajority of cases of diagnosis were of unspecified organism: 11,4811 (78%) of the total population. RSV-related pneumonia diagnosis presented second with a total of 8,156 (5.5%). Charges for pneumonia in the Emergency Department (ER) were about $13,104 and non-ER presentation at $10,238. LOS affected total charge and mortality risk for all patient population regardless of age.ConclusionThis nationwide study provides a unique preview of the cost associated with care for pediatric pneumonia. Such information is essential in developing strategies to improve health outcomes and resources allocation.

Most common aetiology of pneumonia among children hospitalized in the University Children’ s Hospital in Lublin, Poland, 2010–2020

“…In the paediatric population globally, viral pneumonia remained more typical and concerned the first 2 years of a child's life. After that, bacterial aetiology dominated [22]. The current results revealed a tendency to the most frequent occurrence of viral cases in patients up to 4-years-old (81.8% of all viral cases); however, in total in this age group, unidentified aetiology dominated (54.7% of all incidents).…”

Factors Associated With In-Hospital Death Among Pneumonia Patients in US Hospitals From 2016~2019

“…They found higher incidence rates in the South; more than half of the patients had Medicare, and care was more expensive in the West. 22 Further, there are similar mortality rates between large and small hospitals, and greater severity/morality could be related to socioeconomic status. 22 For different disease states, results are mixed on if hospital teaching status affects disease outcomes, 23 , 24 and such a connection has yet to be shown for pneumonia.…”

“… 22 Further, there are similar mortality rates between large and small hospitals, and greater severity/morality could be related to socioeconomic status. 22 For different disease states, results are mixed on if hospital teaching status affects disease outcomes, 23 , 24 and such a connection has yet to be shown for pneumonia. Previous research on health outcomes from teaching vs. non-teaching hospitals has found that public safety-net hospitals, treating patients regardless of insurance, tend to have worse results, treat more severe patients, and can still be costly, possibly because of patient sociodemographic factors.…”

Incidence of non-invasive all-cause pneumonia in children in the United States before and after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: a retrospective claims database analysis

“…Globally, there were an estimated 138 million cases of pneumonia in children under age 5 in 2015 [ 2 ], with pneumonia accounting for an estimated 14% of all deaths in this age group [ 4 ]. Pneumonia also contributes to high healthcare resource utilization [ 3 , 5 ], with approximately half of children under age 5 years with severe community-acquired pneumonia in developing countries requiring hospitalization [ 2 ]. However, the incidence varies widely by geography, with higher rates in developing countries [ 6 ].…”