“…It may affect the meninges, brain parenchyma, vessels, cranial and spinal nerves, spinal cord, skull, and spine and can occur either in a localized form (e.g., tuberculoma, abscess, focal cerebritis) or in a diffuse form (e.g., leptomeningitis, vasculitis, toxic or treatment-related de-/dysmyelination). It is a mimicker of numerous diseases and the differential diagnosis includes 5,9,12,[16][17][18] : (1) infectious diseases (e.g., nontuberculous bacterial, viral, parasitic or fungal meningitis); (2) noninfectious inflammatory or autoimmune diseases (e.g., acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, sarcoidosis, rheumatoid disease); or (3) neoplastic diseases, such as lymphoma and meningeal carcinomatosis (e.g., meningeal spread of primary malignant CNS tumors in children) (Table 2 and Figure 1).…”