Pediatric Meningoencephalitis; A Research on Patients Hospitalized in Zahedan, Southeastern Iran

Khajeh, Ali; Sharifi-Mood, Batool; Soleimani, Gholam Reza

doi:10.17795/iji-23835

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, bacterial meningitis remains an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Therefore, monitoring infectious diseases, especially central nervous system infections, is an important priority in the health care systems ( 17 - 19 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology incidence and geographical distribution of Meningitis using GIS and its incidence prediction in Iran in 2021

Moradi

Zahraei

Khazaei

et al. 2021

Med. J. Islam. Republ. Iran

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Background: Meningitis is classified as a medical emergency where the identification and early treatment of bacterial meningitis can eliminate serious consequences, such as hearing loss, memory problems, learning disabilities, brain damage, seizures, and death. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and geographical distribution of meningitis using Geographic Information system (GIS) and to predict its incidence in Iran in 2021. Methods: This was a descriptive analytical study. Information on pertussis was obtained from the Center for Communicable Diseases Control during 2010-2015. In the next step, ArcGIS 9.3 was used to prepare geographic maps of the disease incidence and frequency. Then, the disease prediction map was drawn using the Raster Calculator tool. Results: The results showed that the highest incidence of meningitis during 2010-2015 was in Qazvin, Qom, and Kurdistan provinces. The incidence of meningitis in Iran increased from 9.77 in 2010 to 10.33 in 2015. Based on the modeling results for Iran, Qom, Qazvin, Kurdistan, Hamadan, and Mazandaran provinces with 78.89%, 74.68%, 70.07%, 43.97%, and 22.93% of their areas (Km 2 ) are at high risk for meningitis in the coming years, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that Qom, Qazvin, Kurdistan, Hamedan, and Mazandaran provinces are at risk of the disease. Monitoring vaccination in high-risk groups can partially prevent the incidence of the disease in these areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology incidence and geographical distribution of Meningitis using GIS and its incidence prediction in Iran in 2021

Moradi

Zahraei

Khazaei

et al. 2021

Med. J. Islam. Republ. Iran

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“…16 Seluruh pasien meningoensefalitis disebabkan oleh bakteri TB. Hal ini bertentangan dengan penelitian oleh Khajeh dkk 25 yang menyatakan bahwa mayoritas pasien meningoensefalitis disebabkan oleh bakteri atau virus.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Infeksi Susunan Saraf Pusat pada Anak: Sebuah Studi Potong Lintang Deskriptif Selama Lima Tahun

Octavius

Raditya²,

Kimberly³

et al. 2021

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Latar belakang. Infeksi susunan saraf pusast memiliki morbiditas dan mortalitas apabila tidak ditangani secara tepat. Penanganan yang tidak sesuai juga berisiko tinggi untuk menimbulkan kecacatan pada kemudian hari. Tipe-tipe infeksi susunan saraf pusat dapat berupa meningitis, ensefalitis dan meningoensefalitis yang memiliki etiologi dan manifestasi klinis yang beragam.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik klinis pada setiap infeksi sistem saraf pusat baik dari segi manifestasi klinis, radiologis, serta terapi pada setiap pasien.Metode. Anak berusia 0-18 tahun yang didiagnosis meningitis, ensefalitis dan meningoensefalitis dari Januari 2015 hingga September 2019 diinklusikan pada studi potong lintang ini. Data diambil melalui rekam medis.Hasil. Terdapat 45 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan laki-laki mendominasi pada studi ini (57,8%). Meningitis ditemukan pada 37,8% pasien, ensefalitis pada 22,2% pasien, dan meningoensefalitis pada 40% pasien. Tuberkulosis menjadi etiologi tersering yang ditemukan pada studi ini sebesar 71,1%. Median durasi rawat inap terpanjang ditemukan pada pasien dengan meningoensefalitis (15,5 hari) dan kortikosteroid merupakan pengobatan yang sering digunakan untuk mengatasi infeksi susunan saraf pusat.Kesimpulan. Infeksi SSP lebih sering terjadi pada anak di bawah <5 tahun. Sebagian besar anak-anak datang dengan penurunan kesadaran akut dan TB masih merupakan penyebab utama dari infeksi SSP. Pasien dengan meningitis TB atau meningoensefalitis TB datang dengan derajat MRC 2-3 yang berkorelasi dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi sehingga diagnosis dan tatalaksana yang tepat diperlukan oleh para klinisi untuk memperbaiki luaran pasien.

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“…If a diagnosis of meningitis is made, it is prudent to start the patient on empirical antibiotics until the cultures and other results are awaited. 3 Although plenty of literature is available on meningitis, the clinic-aetiological profile and outcome in patients with meningoencephalitis remains not that well studied, except for in paediatric population. 4…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical profile and outcome of patients with meningoencephalitis in a tertiary care hospital

Monika

Rohith²,

Ravi³

et al. 2023

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Encephalitis is an important cause of morbidity, mortality, and permanent neurologic sequelae globally. Causes are diverse and include viral and non-viral infections. In the emergency setting differentiating the bacterial from other causes such as viral, fungal, tubercular, toxic or autoimmune causes is extremely difficult. Although plenty of literature is available on meningitis, the clinic-etiological profile and outcome with meningoencephalitis remains not that well studied, except for in paediatric population. Methods: The present prospective observational study included 75 patients who presented with acute encephalitis syndrome in tertiary care hospital, Bengaluru. All patients were subjected to complete clinical evaluation and appropriate investigations to study the etiology, clinical profile and outcome in them. Results: Among 75 patients, majority of them were <60 years constituting about 73.2%, mean age being 49.14 years with female preponderance. 30 (40%) patients had viral meningoencephalitis where aetiology was confirmed in 15 patients, remaining were presumed to be of viral aetiology. 12 (16%) had tubercular meningitis and 8 (10.6%) had bacterial meningitis followed by cryptococcal meningitis 7 (9.3%). In about 18 (24%) patients, aetiology was not identified and were treated based on syndromic approach. The most common presentation was fever and altered sensorium. Thrombocytopenia was common among viral and bacterial aetiologies and those in unspecified etiological group. Mortality was highest among cryptococcal meningitis (71.4%) followed by tubercular (66.7%) and bacterial meningitis (62.5%). Conclusions: A large number of number of cases where aetiology cannot be identified maybe benefited by a syndromic approach and better diagnostic modalities.

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Pediatric Meningoencephalitis; A Research on Patients Hospitalized in Zahedan, Southeastern Iran

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Epidemiology incidence and geographical distribution of Meningitis using GIS and its incidence prediction in Iran in 2021

Epidemiology incidence and geographical distribution of Meningitis using GIS and its incidence prediction in Iran in 2021

Infeksi Susunan Saraf Pusat pada Anak: Sebuah Studi Potong Lintang Deskriptif Selama Lima Tahun

Clinical profile and outcome of patients with meningoencephalitis in a tertiary care hospital

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