Pediatric melanoma update

McCormack, Lindsay; Hawryluk, Elena B.

doi:10.23736/s0392-0488.18.05924-2

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…There was a slightly higher percentage of female patients with melanoma at 51%, consistent with studies that suggest females have a higher [15] or comparable [3] incidence of pediatric melanoma than males. For the location of disease, over half of the cases were melanoma of the trunk, similar to other data suggesting the trunk is a common primary location for cutaneous pediatric melanoma [5,7], or the highest incidence in patients of adolescent age group [4,15]; however, studies have shown that the extremities [5] and head and neck [3] were the most common.…”

Section: Melanomassupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Despite the paucity of data, the overall 5-year survival for patients with pediatric melanoma has been reported as 87-95% in a review article [4]; additional studies have shown an 85% [5] survival rate in a cohort of 78 cases in British Columbia, and 37 cases [3] have reported a 67.7% survival rate in Australia and New Zealand. Molecular analysis has described BRAF mutations in the adult melanoma population, and a study highlighted BRAF testing and positivity in a pediatric melanoma cohort [3,15]. Additionally, CDKN2A mutations have been described [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pediatric Atypical Melanocytic Proliferations: Single-Site Retrospective Cohort Assessment of Treatment and Long-Term Follow-Up

Hatheway Marshall,

Alvarez,

Wang

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Atypical and malignant cutaneous tumors are understudied in the pediatric population, with limited data on long-term follow-up. This study examines pediatric (0–18 years) atypical melanocytic proliferations over a twenty-year period (January 2002–December2022) using the EPIC SlicerDicer at our institution. Over a twenty-year period, there were 55 cases of pediatric melanoma (53 patients). The median follow-up time was 8 years, 11 months. A proportion of 96% were treated with wide local excision (WLE), and 47% had a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) (35% positive rate). There were 101 atypical Spitz tumor cases (85% atypical Spitz tumors, 15% Spitz melanoma), with a median follow-up duration of 9 years. A proportion of 77% were treated with WLE (with one patient dying of metastatic disease). There were 10 cases of atypical melanocytic proliferations not otherwise specified, including 5 pigmented epithelioid melanocytomas (PEM), 4 deep-penetrating nevi, and 1 atypical cellular blue nevus. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge on pediatric atypical cutaneous melanocytic proliferations, aligning with many described characteristics such as disease location and overall survival rates, with distinct exceptions (higher melanoma positive SLNB rate, lower atypical Spitz tumor WLE rate, and a case of fatal metastatic atypical Spitz tumor).

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Section: Melanomassupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Atypical Melanocytic Proliferations: Single-Site Retrospective Cohort Assessment of Treatment and Long-Term Follow-Up

Hatheway Marshall,

Alvarez,

Wang

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…It is also highly resistant to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, early detection combined with surgical resection is the only treatment for melanoma [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In the West, melanoma is being actively studied because of its high incidence and mortality rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysin Induces Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Melanoma Cells via the mTOR/S6K Pathway

et al. 2022

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Chrysin is known to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer effects of chrysin in the human melanoma cells A375SM and A375P. The results obtained demonstrated successful inhibition of the viability of these cells by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. This was confirmed by the level of apoptosis-related proteins: Bax and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase both increased, and Bcl-2 decreased. Moreover, levels of LC3 and Beclin 1, both autophagy-related proteins, increased in chrysin-treated cells. Autophagic vacuoles and acidic vesicular organelles were observed in both cell lines treated with chrysin. Both cell lines showed different tendencies during chrysin-induced autophagy inhibition, indicating that autophagy has different effects depending on the cell type. In A375SM, the early autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was unaffected; however, cell viability decreased when treated with the late autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). In contrast, HCQ was unaffected in A375P; however, cell viability increased when treated with 3-MA. Chrysin also decreased the phosphorylation of mTOR/S6K pathway proteins, indicating that this pathway is involved in chrysin-induced apoptosis and autophagy for A375SM and A375P. However, studies to elucidate the mechanisms of autophagy and the action of chrysin in vivo are still needed.

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