Pediatric malignancies in Kano, Northern Nigeria

Ochicha, Ochicha; Kuliya‐Gwarzo, Aisha; Gwarzo, Dalhatu H.

doi:10.1007/s12519-012-0363-3

Cited by 28 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Furthermore, cancer incidence in Nigeria was comparable to that seen in most other sub-Saharan African countries, but the ranking of the individual histologies differed substantially from that in industrialized countries: the most common cancers were retinoblastoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, and acute leukemia [20] rather than leukemia, central nervous system tumors, lymphoma, and neuroblastoma [1,2]. An unusual ranking of histiotypes was also seen in Mali, where the most common pediatric cancers were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, retinoblastoma, and nephroblastoma [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Childhood Cancer in the Republic of Suriname (1980 Through 2008)

Mans¹,

Zijlmans²

2014

TOEPIJ

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Childhood cancer incidence in Suriname (South-America) was estimated using secondary data from 1980 to 2008, and these findings were stratified according to gender; age groups < 1, 1-4, 5-14, and 15-19 years; and the largest ethnic groups (Hindustanis, Maroons, Creoles, and Javanese). Data were expressed as total numbers, proportions, average yearly numbers, and/or crude incidence rates per 1,000,000 population per year. There were 290 malignancies in the period covered, i.e., about 10 new cases per year or 24 per 1,000,000 per year. The average yearly number of overall cancer increased from approximately 1 every two years in newborns to 3-4 per year in adolescents and young adults. Thirty to 35% of patients were Hindustani or Creole; the proportions of Javanese and Maroons patients were about twice and five times, respectively, lower. Leukemias and lymphomas comprised almost half of cases, each occurring 2 to 3 times per year. Bone tumors, soft-tissue sarcomas, and carcinomas were the most common non-hematological malignancies, occurring once or twice per year. Central nervous system tumors, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, renal tumors, primary hepatic tumors, and germ cell tumors were exceedingly rare. In conclusion, childhood cancer incidence in Suriname was relatively low; the individual histiotypes displayed an unusual ranking; and there were differences in the sex, age, and ethnic distribution of overall cancer as well as certain histiotypes. However, these observations might be biased by the use of crude rates, and underdiagnosis and incomplete registration of cases due to the absence of specialized (pediatric) cancer facilities in the country.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Childhood Cancer in the Republic of Suriname (1980 Through 2008)

Mans¹,

Zijlmans²

2014

TOEPIJ

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2,3 In industrialized countries on the other hand, with a mortality of approximately 20%, more than 70% of affected children become long-term survivors. 1,2 In most developing countries, they are yet to be recognised either as an important cause of childhood mortality or a significant public health issue due to many other competing causes of death: infectious diseases and malnutrition. 1,4,5 Besides, the management of cancers still faces numerous challenges, ranging from poor healthcare infrastructure and diagnostic facilities, high cost of drugs and investigations, to scarcity of cancer care specialists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 In most developing countries, they are yet to be recognised either as an important cause of childhood mortality or a significant public health issue due to many other competing causes of death: infectious diseases and malnutrition. 1,4,5 Besides, the management of cancers still faces numerous challenges, ranging from poor healthcare infrastructure and diagnostic facilities, high cost of drugs and investigations, to scarcity of cancer care specialists. Other factors include ignorance, poverty, cultural beliefs and consultation of traditional healers which seem to be the major factors behind late presentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outcome of childhood malignancies at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital: a call for implementation of palliative care

Eke

Akani

2016

Afr H. Sci.

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Background: Cancers in children are yet to be recognised as an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries where more than 70% of the world annual cases occur. Despite the limited resources and whatever the projected outcome, children with cancer need treatment, be it curative or palliative. Objectives: To determine outcome of cancers in children at the UPTH; identify factors that influence outcome, highlight the need for palliative care. Method: A retrospective study of cases of childhood malignancies admitted into Paediatric Oncology unit of UPTH over a two year period. Clinical profile of patients and outcome were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Sixty cases were analysed: 35(58.3%) males, 25(41.7%) females giving a M:F ratio of 1.4:1. Under-fives constituted 55%. Twenty-seven (45%) patients presented within 4 weeks of onset of symptoms. Median duration of symptoms before presentation was 8 weeks while 36 (60%) had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Twenty patients (33.3%) defaulted with or without specific treatment. Mortality was recorded in 26(43.4%) of cases. Conclusion: There were more cases of cancer amongst under-fives with male preponderance. Late presentation, financial constraints and high default rate were contributory factors to poor outcome in most cases. Lack of palliative care left many families to face their sufferings.

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“…This is in contrast with observations in Kano (6 th and 7 th decades) but correlates with findings in Benin. 7,15 This overall late onset is due to the cumulative effects of UV radiation and other aetiologic agents. In India, Khandpur documented that the vast majority of skin tumours were benign.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dermatologic neoplasms: a perspective from Makurdi, North Central Nigeria

Ajetunmobi

Dzuachii

2017

Int J Res Dermatol

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Background: Skin cancers are the commonest malignancies in Caucasians but are relatively less common in dark skinned persons. They are strongly linked to ultraviolet exposure, skin melanin content, and immune status.Methods: This study reviewed all histologically diagnosed skin neoplasms at the Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi from January 2012 to December 2016.Results: A total of 84 neoplasms were seen, with 42 (50%) being malignant. Of the malignant lesions, Squamous cell carcinomas were the most frequent (45.2%), followed by melanomas (23.8%). The lower limb was the most frequent site of both benign and malignant neoplasms, while a male to female ratio of 0.88:1 was observed.Conclusions: A relatively high UV radiation intensity, combined with a predominance of outdoor agricultural based activities, alongside chronic ulcerative/inflammatory lesions and a high HIV burden all indicate a need for widespread enlightenment and screening campaigns to prevent occurrence of skin cancers and aid early diagnosis.

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Pediatric malignancies in Kano, Northern Nigeria

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Childhood Cancer in the Republic of Suriname (1980 Through 2008)

Childhood Cancer in the Republic of Suriname (1980 Through 2008)

Outcome of childhood malignancies at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital: a call for implementation of palliative care

Dermatologic neoplasms: a perspective from Makurdi, North Central Nigeria

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