Pediatric longitudinal melanonychia

Burleigh, Angela; Lam, Joseph M.

doi:10.1503/cmaj.170256

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The prevalence of LM ranges from 1.4% to 77% in white and black populations, respectively [8]. In children, LM usually reflects a benign process, while the risk for melanoma is considered exceedingly low, with only 12 cases of in situ melanomas (only 2 of them in Caucasians) being reported so far in the literature [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equivocal Longitudinal Melanonychia in a 3-Year-Old Caucasian Girl: Rapid Evolution and Fading during Digital Dermoscopy Follow-Up

Tsiogka

Laimer

Rigopoulos

et al. 2021

Skin Appendage Disord

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Introduction: Nail matrix nevi (NMN) in pediatric patients manifest as longitudinal melanonychia (LM) and can share clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological characteristics with subungual melanoma. Equivocal findings in childhood LM may reflect dynamic processes during the natural life cycle of NMN in children. Case Presentation: We present a case of a heavily pigmented LM with equivocal clinical and dermoscopic findings in a 3-year-old Caucasian girl, which exhibited signs of evolution, maturation, and almost complete involution within a short time period during digital follow-up, attributed to the natural course of NMN. Discussion/Conclusion: Considering the rarity of subungual melanoma in childhood, our case underlines the significance of clinical and digital dermoscopy follow-up in the evaluation of childhood LM in order to avoid unnecessary biopsies and potential permanent nail dystrophy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equivocal Longitudinal Melanonychia in a 3-Year-Old Caucasian Girl: Rapid Evolution and Fading during Digital Dermoscopy Follow-Up

Tsiogka

Laimer

Rigopoulos

et al. 2021

Skin Appendage Disord

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“…Less commonly, melanonychia striata results from melanocytic hyperplasia (increased number of melanocytes with increased synthesis of melanin) in the nail matrix or nail bed and later deposition of melanin in the nail plate . In the pediatric age group, melanonychia striata most often occur because of melanocytic activation within the nail matrix, followed by melanocytic hyperplasia secondary to an underlying nail matrix melanocytic nevus or nail lentigo …”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melanonychia striata should be differentiated from a nail apparatus/subungual melanoma based on the characteristic clinical features (Table ) . Hutchinson sign, however, is not pathognomonic for a nail apparatus/subungual melanoma and may be seen in approximately 33% of cases of nail lentigines or nail matrix nevi and some patients with ethnic melanonychia and Laugier‐Hunziker syndrome .…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melanonychia striata: clarifying behind the Black Curtain. A review on clinical evaluation and management of the 21st century

et al. 2019

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Melanonychia striata is characterized by a tan, brown, or black longitudinal streak within the nail plate that runs from the proximal nail fold to the distal part of the nail plate.Melanonychia striata is due to increased activity of melanocytes or melanocytic hyperplasia in the nail matrix with subsequently increased melanin deposition in the nail plate. The most common cause of melanonychia striata associated with melanocytic activation is ethnic melanonychia which occurs in dark-skinned individuals. Other causes of melanonychia striata related to melanocytic activation include pregnancy, chronic local trauma, infections, medications, dermatological disorders, endocrine disorders, alkaptonuria, hemochromatosis, porphyria, graft-vs-host disease, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and Laugier-Hunziker syndrome. Causes of melanonychia striata associated with melanocytic hyperplasia include nail matrix melanocytic nevus, nail lentigo, and nail apparatus/subungual in situ and invasive melanoma. In most cases, melanonychia striata is a benign condition, especially in children. Consequently, most investigators advocate a wait-and-see approach. Nail apparatus/subungual melanoma should be suspected if there is an abrupt onset after middle age, personal or family history of melanoma, rapid growth, darkening of a melanonychia band, pigment variegation, blurry lateral borders, irregular elevation of the surface, a bandwidth >3 mm, proximal widening, associated nail plate dystrophy, single rather than multiple digit involvement, and periungual spread of pigmentation onto the adjacent cuticle and/or proximal and/or lateral nail folds (Hutchinson sign). Prolonged follow-up is mandatory for early detection of possible malignant changes.

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Normal Skin Findings and Cultural Practices in Pediatric Patients with Skin of Color

Agim

Morquette

Heath

2022

Dermatologic Clinics

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Pediatric longitudinal melanonychia

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Equivocal Longitudinal Melanonychia in a 3-Year-Old Caucasian Girl: Rapid Evolution and Fading during Digital Dermoscopy Follow-Up

Equivocal Longitudinal Melanonychia in a 3-Year-Old Caucasian Girl: Rapid Evolution and Fading during Digital Dermoscopy Follow-Up

Melanonychia striata: clarifying behind the Black Curtain. A review on clinical evaluation and management of the 21st century

Normal Skin Findings and Cultural Practices in Pediatric Patients with Skin of Color

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