Pediatric Intensive Care Physical Environment

Abu-Taleb, Abdul-Rahman M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_262

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Children have special medical needs to provide critical care and infection control; therefore, a PICU isolation room is indispensable to a hospital unit. The general recommendation is to provide at least an isolation room for every ten beds or one for each pediatric unit [5]. CDC guidelines [6] recommend using a single negative pressure room for young children (0-14 years old) specifically for isolation precautions (airborne, droplet, or contact), except for children infected with the same pathogen that could get another alternative offer such as cohort nursing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection Control Improvement of a Negative-Pressurized Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

et al. 2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus raises alarming concern around the healthcare facilities due to the significant increase in patient inflow. Negative-pressurized isolation rooms have been utilized in various health care facilities to isolate the patients from active community contact. Several studies have highlighted isolation rooms improvement. However, limited knowledge is available regarding the isolation room facilities for pediatric intensive care units (PICU) to accommodate more than one pediatric patient. In this aspect, this study investigates a negative-pressurized isolation facility in PICU with minimal design modifications with the possibility that it can accommodate more than one pediatric patient. The field measurement tests were conducted to ensure the design compliance of Taiwan CDC. Then, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was further utilized to numerically evaluate the HVAC system role and the ventilation performance towards infection control. A protected air-jet curtain system with a new ventilation layout was proposed through this study to enhance the protection for both pediatric patients and medical staff. The concentration decay was monitored and recorded within 900 s to evaluate the performance. The concentration can be reduced to 504 ppm for case 1, 620 ppm for case 2, 501 ppm for case 3, and 486 ppm for case 4. In addition, the injected bioaerosol particles could be well diluted dealing with two patients presents a good performance. The results revealed that this proposed configuration could feasibly accommodate two patients with a significant contamination control to protect the medical staff and patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection Control Improvement of a Negative-Pressurized Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

et al. 2021

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Physical space of thirty pediatric intensive care units in the United States of America: a national survey

Karam,

Ahmed,

Bizzarro

et al. 2024

Front. Pediatr.

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IntroductionThe design of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) rooms significantly impacts patient care and satisfaction. The aims were first, to describe the current physical space across PICUs in the USA, and second, to identify what proportion of PICUs are compliant with current guidelines.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted, targeting division chiefs and medical directors of PICUs nationwide. The survey collected data on unit type, construction and renovation dates, room sizes, and available amenities. According to the Guidelines for Design and Construction of Hospitals, PICU rooms are recommended to be single rooms, at least 200 sq ft, have a window and a private bathroom. Data were anonymized and reported as median and interquartile ranges or frequencies and percentages.ResultsThirty units responded. Among the respondents, 26 had general PICUs, 9 had cardiac ICUs, and 3 had intermediate care units, with some units containing multiple types of ICUs. The median annual admissions were 1,125, with a median occupancy rate of 78%. Twenty-three percent of units had at least one double room, and 3% had triple or quadruple rooms. The median room size was 265 sq ft (IQR 230; 304), the smallest room size was 220 sq ft (IQR 179; 275), and the largest single room size was 312 sq ft (IQR 273; 330). Thirty-seven percent of units had bathrooms in every room, while 80% had windows in every room. Additionally, 46% of units had dialysis capabilities in every room, and 7% had negative pressure capabilities in every room. The median building year was 2008 (IQR 2001;2014), with 36% of units having undergone at least one renovation. Larger rooms were associated with more recent build dates (p = 0.01). Only 30% of the PICUs met the guidelines for physical space. These compliant units were built at a median of 4 years ago (IQR 1; 8).ConclusionThis study highlights the variability in PICU room design and amenities across healthcare facilities. Many units still fall short of meeting the guidelines for room size, windows, and private bathrooms. Future research should investigate the relationship between room characteristics and patient outcomes to inform better design practices, with a goal of improving patient experiences and clinical outcomes.

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Pediatric Intensive Care Physical Environment

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Infection Control Improvement of a Negative-Pressurized Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Infection Control Improvement of a Negative-Pressurized Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Physical space of thirty pediatric intensive care units in the United States of America: a national survey

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