Pediatric HIV Infection and Decreased Prevalence of OPV Point Mutations Linked to Vaccine-associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis

Halpern, Meira S.; Altamirano, Jonathan; Maldonado, Yvonne

doi:10.1093/cid/ciy635

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Penyebab terjadinya perubahan sifat virulensi yang berujung pada kasus VAPP dan VDPV yang sudah dilaporkan, yaitu adanya mutasi pada daerah untranslated region 5' (UTR-5') tepatnya pada nukleotida atenuasi di daerah IRES genom virus, yaitu untuk tipe 1 pada posisi 480, tipe 2 posisi 481 dan tipe 3 posisi 472. 38 Foiadelli et al melaporkan anak immunodeficiency yang mengalami VAPP terkait strain Sabin tipe 2 menunjukkan adanya mutasi pada UTR-5' pada nukleotida 472 di domain V IRES, yang berperan dalam atenuasi virus polio. Mutasi balik pada nukleotida atenuasi juga dilaporkan oleh Korotkova et al pada pasien VAPP terkait strain Sabin tipe 2, yaitu pada nukleotida 481 daerah UTR-5'.…”

Section: Perubahan Sifat Virulensi Strain Sabin Opvunclassified

Literature Review: Tantangan Eradikasi Polio

Normasari

Yasmon

2022

jbmi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT Polio is one of the most feared infectious diseases which can cause paralysis and death. Due to this reason, WHO created the Global Polio Eradication Initiative in 1998 to achieve a polio-free world. However, it is nearly 33 years, the polio disease has not been successfully eradicated, although the incidence of polio cases is reduced by >99.9%. The world has been declared free from wild poliovirus types 2 and 3, but not free from wild poliovirus type 1 that remains endemic in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Apart from safety, politic, and refusal of vaccination which hampers polio eradication in the endemic countries, malnutrition also contributes to the failure of OPV vaccination. Besides, the use of the OPV vaccine as the primary vaccine in polio eradication could raise other problems, namely vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) as well as the emergence of vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) that is virulent and circulating in the environment, thereby causing polio cases in free-polio countries. Keywords: polio eradication, OPV, VAPP, VDPV ABSTRAK Polio merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang ditakuti karena dapat menyebabkan paralisis dan kematian. Oleh karena itu, gerakan eradikasi polio dimulailah sejak tahun 1988 melalui prakarsa oleh WHO dengan tujuan akhir menciptakan dunia bebas dari polio. Namun hampir 33 tahun, gerakan eradikasi ini belum berhasil mencapai tujuan akhir tersebut, walaupun telah berhasil menurunkan jumlah kasus polio >99,9%. Seluruh dunia sudah dinyatakan bebas virus polio liar tipe 2 dan 3, namun virus polio liar tipe 1 masih menjadi endemik di Afghanistan dan Pakistan. Selain faktor keamanan, politik dan penolakan vaksinasi yang mengambat eradikasi di negara endemis tersebut, faktor malnutrisi juga berkontribusi terhadap kegagalan vaksinasi OPV. Selain itu, penggunaan vaksin OPV sebagai vaksin utama dalam eradikasi polio memunculkan permasalahan lain, yaitu terjadinya kasus ikutan pasca imunisasi (KIPI) polio, yaitu paralisis pasca imunisasi (vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis/VAPP), dan munculnya virus turunan vaksin (vaccine derivated poliovirus/VDPV) yang virulen dan bersirkulasi di lingkungan, menyebabkan kasus polio pada daerah yang sudah bebas polio tipe liar. Kata kunci: eradikasi polio, OPV, VAPP, VDPV

show abstract

Section: Perubahan Sifat Virulensi Strain Sabin Opvunclassified

Literature Review: Tantangan Eradikasi Polio

Normasari

Yasmon

2022

jbmi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Vaccine-Associated Neurological Adverse Events: A Case Report and Literature Review

Tian

Yang

et al. 2020

CPD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vaccination is an effective strategy to reduce the burden of preventable illness. However, many clinical reports revealed that various vaccinations may associate with neurological disorders, mainly including autoimmune disease, febrile seizure, and vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP). Although more and more reports revealed that part of the above post-vaccine neurological disorders is not directly related to vaccination, it may be merely a coincidence. However, these reports may increase the hesitancy on vaccination for the public population and influence the coverage of vaccination. In this report, we described a child with acute flaccid paralysis possibly caused by a poliovirus vaccine. To provide feasible ways to realize or reduce the risk of neurological adverse events caused by vaccines, we further provide a mini-review of the literature of vaccination associated with neurological adverse events. This revealed that oral poliomyelitis vaccine use exclusively and type 2 serotype poliomyelitis vaccine virus were the risk factors for VAPP. The combination vaccine was associated with an increased risk of ADEM and FS following immunization when compared with the administration of vaccines separately. Even though cases have been reported that vaccination may be a trigger of anti-NMDARe and GBS, there is no direct evidence to prove that vaccination increased the risk of GBS and anti-NMDARe.

show abstract

Pediatric HIV Infection and Decreased Prevalence of OPV Point Mutations Linked to Vaccine-associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Literature Review: Tantangan Eradikasi Polio

Literature Review: Tantangan Eradikasi Polio

Vaccine-Associated Neurological Adverse Events: A Case Report and Literature Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About