Pediatric Eye Trauma: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects at CADESSO in Donka, Guinea

Abstract

Introduction: Eye trauma represents all morbid lesions on the eyeball due to external violence. In children, they are an important cause of morbidity and the leading cause of monocular blindness. The aim of this study was to determine the sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of eye trauma in children aged 0 to 16 at the Application Centre for the Diploma of Specialized Higher Studies in Ophthalmology (CADESSO) in Donka, Guinea. Patients and Method: This was a prospective longitudinal study with descriptive purposes from January 1 to December 31, 2019 involving 205 children victims of eye trauma. Variables related to sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics were studied. Informed consent from patients and/or their parents was sought and obtained. The confidentiality of the files was guaranteed. The data entry was done on EPI-Info version 7 and the analysis using the Stata software. The tables were made in Excel 2010. Pearson's Chi2 test was used for the comparison of proportions. Results: Pediatric eye trauma accounted for 9.31% of pediatric visits and 30.92% of all eye trauma cases. There was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.59. Age groups from 0 -4 years; 5 -8 years and 9 -12 were the most affected with 26.8%, 28.8% and 27.3% respectively and a decrease in the number of cases in the 13 -16 age group (17.1%). Gambling and sports accidents accounted for 33.2%, followed by domestic accidents for 16.6% and physical injury for 8.2%. Eye contusion was the most represented at 66.3% followed by wounds of the globe 23.9% and burns at 5.9%. One hundred and twenty-six patients had received a determination of visual acuity (VA) at admission; 99 were assessed at dis-

Pediatric lens trauma in Tanta University eye hospital

“…The ratio of ocular trauma occurrence was 1.66: 1 male: female, the ratio in pre-school subjects was 1.6: 1 while the school age subjects were 1.7: 1. Our study's male predominance was in line with evidence from the literature regarding Lama PL et al 2022 [11] , Mayouego Kouam, et al 2015 [17] , Mensah, A et al 2004 [18] . El-Sebaity DM, et al 2011 [15] , Takvans, J.A.…”

“…67.5% of our patients were more than six years. Despite the number of study subjects was higher in other studies as that conducted by Lama PL et al 2022 [11] that included 205 cases of eye trauma, Patients' ages ranged from one to sixteen years in extremes, with an average of 7.87 years. Having a sex ratio of 1.59, there were 126 (61%) more men than women.…”

“…62.5% of our cases had early detection of ocular trauma presented in but late detection was in 37% of cases This finding was comparable to the outcomes mentioned by Rohr JT, et al 2016 [12] , The majority of these individuals were treated in hospitals the same day. There were other studies which reported Lama et al 2022 [11] report that just ten percent of their respondents had consulted during the first 6 hours, indicating a delay in the consultation time. 49.3% of the participants were assessed on the day of the event.…”

Prevalence of Ocular Trauma at the Reference Health Center (CSREF) of Kati

“…In Guinea, in a study on a pediatric population, LAMA [8], reports a frequency of 9.31% of trauma and 30.92% of all ocular trauma.…”

“…[7] Several studies have been carried out in Africa on ocular trauma in children and adults with a frequency of 9.31% of childhood trauma and 30.92% of all ocular trauma according to LAMA in Guinea. [8] and 38.5% according to LAM in Senegal [9] and in Mali in Bamako more precisely at IOTA with a frequency of 4.80% during the COVID period according to Sissoko (3 = 5) and 22.46% in emergency consultation according to BAKAYOKO [10].…”