Pediatric Drowning

Best, Rebecca; Harris, Benjamin H.L.; Walsh, Jason Leo; Manfield, Timothy

doi:10.1097/pec.0000000000001169

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…In the ED the emphasis is placed on collection of baseline data and further stabilisation of the child, directed by guidelines (Best et al, 2020; Cantwell, 2021; Mott & Latimer, 2016; De Villiers, 2008) or prescriptive manuals (Jan, 2013). In the PICU interventions concentrate on restoration of normal physiological functions, prevention of secondary complications and further deterioration of physiological functions, commonly based on pulse oximetry (hypoxia), blood gas analysis (acidosis), electrocardiogram (arrhythmias), chest X‐ray (acute lung injury) and computed tomography of the head (hypoxic brain injury) (Evans et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimal care in the prehospital environment is regarded as an important factor to manage the principle danger of hypoxia and cardiac arrest (Best et al, 2020; Cantwell, 2021; Macintosh & Austin, 2017; Matthew et al, 2017; Mott & Latimer, 2016; Widyantara et al, 2019). Prehospital management is initiated at the scene of drowning or submersion site by bystanders or lay persons, started before the arrival of paramedics on the scene (Denny et al, 2021) and continued by paramedics from the scene of drowning and during transfer to the ED.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Efforts focus on implementing advanced life‐saving techniques to secure the airway, reverse the state of hypoxia, prevent progression of the hypoxic‐ischaemic injuries and establish return of respiration and circulation as quickly as possible, and early rewarming (Bauman et al, 2021). Management strategies and interventions include maintaining of the airway, breathing through bag‐valve‐ventilation with or without orotracheal intubation, administration of high flow oxygen, cardiac support and compressions, gastric decompression, intravenous access for administration of crystalloids in restricted volumes and use of passive and gradual rewarming techniques depending on the degree of hypothermia (Best et al, 2020; Cantwell, 2021; Macintosh & Austin, 2017; Matthew et al, 2017; Mott & Latimer, 2016; Parenteau et al, 2018; Widyantara et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advanced prehospital activities might include history taking, physical assessment, obtaining of vital signs and results of Glasgow Coma Scale score (Parenteau et al, 2018), while Best et al (2020 mentioned that adrenaline should only be used when the rectal temperature is above 30°C, monitoring of blood glucose and treatment of hypoglycaemia if necessary, and prealerting the PICU of pending admission (Best et al, 2020). Parenteau et al (2018) pointed out that the use of Osmitrol R (Mannitol), mechanical hyperventilation, diuretics and barbiturate induced coma in the prehospital management have not shown any benefit for brain resuscitation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A quest for an integrated management system of children following a drowning incident: A review of the literature

Rossouw,

Maree,

Latour

2023

Specialist Pediatric Nursing

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PurposeManagement of children following a drowning incident is based on specific interventions which are used in the prehospital environment, the emergency department (ED) and the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). This paper presents a review of the literature to map and describe the management and interventions used by healthcare professionals when managing a child following a drowning incident. Of specific interest was to map, synthesise and describe the management and interventions according to the different clinical domains or practice areas of healthcare professionals.Design and MethodsA traditional review of the literature was performed to appraise, map and describe information from 32 relevant articles. Four electronic databases were searched using search strings and the Boolean operators AND as well as OR. The included articles were all published in English between 2010 and 2022, as it comprised a timeline including current guidelines and practices necessary to describe management and interventions.ResultsConcepts and phrases from the literature were used as headings to form a picture or overview of the interventions used for managing a child following a drowning incident. Information extracted from the literature was mapped under management and interventions for prehospital, the ED and the PICU and a figure was constructed to display the findings. It was evident from the literature that management and interventions are well researched, evidence‐informed and discussed, but no clear arguments or examples could be found to link the interventions for integrated management from the scene of drowning through to the PICU. Cooling and/or rewarming techniques and approaches and termination of resuscitation were found to be discussed as interventions, but no evidence of integration from prehospital to the ED and beyond was found. The review also highlighted the absence of parental involvement in the management of children following a drowning incident.Practice ImplicationsMapping the literature enables visualisation of management and interventions used for children following a drowning incident. Integration of these interventions can collaboratively be done by involving the healthcare practitioners to form a link or chain for integrated management from the scene of drowning through to the PICU.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A quest for an integrated management system of children following a drowning incident: A review of the literature

Rossouw,

Maree,

Latour

2023

Specialist Pediatric Nursing

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“…Einzelheiten finden Sie im Kapitel über besondere Umstände in diesen Leitlinien [ 404 ]. Es wurden der BLS 2020 COSTR beim Ertrinken [ 556 ] sowie eine Leitlinie [ 685 ], 4 SR [ 686 – 689 ], 2 narrative Übersichten [ 690 , 691 ] und 2 Beobachtungsstudien berücksichtigt (Anhang RR 27; [ 692 , 693 ]). Es ist schwierig, das Überlebenspotenzial mit einem guten neurologischen Outcome bei Kindern nach einem hypothermen Atem-Kreislauf-Stillstand abzuschätzen.…”

Section: Evidenzen Für Die Leitlinienunclassified

Lebensrettende Maßnahmen bei Kindern (Paediatric Life Support, PLS)

Voorde

Turner

Djakow

et al. 2021

Notfall Rettungsmed

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Die Leitlinien des European Resuscitation Council (ERC) zu den lebensrettenden Maßnahmen bei Kindern (Paediatric Life Support, PLS) basieren auf dem 2020 verfassten „International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Science with Treatment Recommendations“ der ILCOR (International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation). Dieses Kapitel beinhaltet Leitlinien zur Behandlung kritisch kranker oder verletzter Säuglinge, von Kindern und Jugendlichen vor, während und nach einem Atem-Kreislauf-Stillstand.

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