Pediatric COVID-19: what disease is this?

Hon, Kam Lun; Leung, Karen Ka Yan

doi:10.1007/s12519-020-00375-z

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…According to Covid-19 in children and adolescent in Europe, a multinational multicenter cohort study said that 171 PCR confirmed cases in Wuhan suggest about 20% of children and adolescents with SARS COV-2 were asymptomatic 14 . In this study, 8.6% children were asymptomatic, whereas it is 15.8% showed in The New England journal of Medicine and other studies also showed similar obsevations 9,18,19 . One cohort study also showed fever (56%) and cough (54%) were the predominant feature 14 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Common presentations are fever and dry cough, fatigue, body ache, nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, dizziness, diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Some children show only cough or diarrhoea and some are asymptomatic carrier 1 Few children may come with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS), Kawasaki disease, convulsion or respiratory distress 9 . According to clinical characteristics, paediatric cases with COVID-19 can be divided into asymptomatic infection, mild, moderate, severe and critical 1,6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socio-demographic and Clinical Profile of Covid-19 in Children

Noman

Ahmed²,

Wahab

et al. 2021

J. Armed Forces Med. Coll.

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Introduction: The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease. Infection by COVID-19 in children is not so common but gradually the numbers of children affected with COVID-19 are increasing day by day. The epidemiological importance and clinical pattern in children with COVID-19 is now a challenge to be described by the clinicians. Objectives: To describe socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infected children. Material and Methods: This cross sectional observational study was conducted among 58 COVID-19 children who were admitted in COVID-19 dedicated Kurmitola General Hospital (KGH), Dhaka from March 2020 to July 2020. Their signs, symptoms, sex, age distribution, laboratory results and familial contact were analyzed. Results: Among 58 most of the children (63.8%) were in school going age (5-15years). The number of female (39) was more than male (19) and female-male ratio was 1:0.48. Most of the children (75.9%) came from urban lower middle socioeconomic group. About 84.4% children were affected from family member. Among all, (8.6%) patients had no symptoms. Main symptoms of the children were cough (36.2%), only fever (22.4%), fever with cough (8.62%) and diarrhoea (5.2%). About 12.06% of the children had additional symptoms including sore throat, nasal congestion, fatigue, headache, body ache, vomiting, abdominal pain, convulsion and rash, 6.9% had respiratory distress and one child came with convulsion. About 12.1% patients showed lymphopenia, 18.9% showed leucopenia, 13.8% patient had neutrophillia. C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and serum ferritin were high in only 12.1% and 8.6% cases respectively. There were 29.3% patients who had normal Chest X-Ray and 58.6% had mild lesion, 8.6% had bilateral consolidation and 3.4% had patchy opacities. Conclusions: COVID-19 is not so common in children and usually presents with mild form or no sign symptoms clinically and by laboratory analysis. But it is noteworthy that they may play role in transmission of disease. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 16, No 2 (December) 2020: 72-75

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-demographic and Clinical Profile of Covid-19 in Children

Noman

Ahmed²,

Wahab

et al. 2021

J. Armed Forces Med. Coll.

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“… 55 In this review, advanced oxygen supply in pediatrics was relatively lower, when compared to adults, mainly in mechanical ventilation, corroborating the pediatric best outcome. Finally, mortality rate in pediatrics varied between 0−0.67% 56 and in this review, for SCD pediatric patients, it was 0.82%, suggesting the need of further studies and case reports on pediatric patients with hemoglobinopathy for better understanding. Although we did not perform the statistical analysis to determine whether this difference in the severity of the disease is statistically significant, our hypothesis is that the underlying disease may be responsible for the need for more intensive care during hospitalization for any infection in patients with SCD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Hemoglobinopathy and pediatrics in the time of COVID-19

Vilela

Braga

Loggetto

2021

Hematology, Transfusion and Cell Therapy

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Introduction It is important to know if patients with hemoglobinopathy could be more susceptible to COVID-19. Objective Analyze SARS-CoV-2 infection in pediatric patients with hemoglobinopathy. Methods Using the online platforms LILACS, PUBMED and EMBASE, on 17- JUL-2020 a search was made for the terms COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 associated with “sickle cell”, “thalassemia” and “hemoglobinopathy”. Results There were 623 pediatric and adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) or beta thalassemia (BT) and COVID-19. Total mortality rate was 6.42%. No pediatric patient with BT has been described. So, our analysis focused on children and adolescents with SCD: there were 121 pediatric patients, one adolescent died, prophylactic anticoagulation was prescribed to six patients, 11.76% needed intensive care unit, blood transfusion was prescribed in 29.70%. Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) and acute chest syndrome (ACS) were the main clinical manifestations in SCD. Discussion Pediatric patients with SCD and COVID-19 have a low mortality rate when compared to adults, although is higher than the global pediatric population with COVID-19 (0−0.67%). The comorbidities associated with age and the long-term complications inherent to hemoglobinopathies may contribute to the increased mortality outside the pediatric age group. In SCD the clinical manifestations, both in children and adults, are VOC and ACS, and there was increase in blood requirement. Pediatric SCD patients with COVID-19 need more intensive care unit than the global pediatric population (3.30%). Conclusion Despite pediatric population with SCD needs more intensive care, the outcome after infection by COVID-19 is favorable.

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“…Children and persons younger than 18 years represented 10% of these cases. 5,9 There have been no pediatric deaths and only two non-Chinese children had required brief pediatric intensive care. Most available data do not differentiate between children and students.…”

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confidence: 99%