Pediatric Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis of the Jaw: Clinical, Radiographic, and Histopathologic Features

Abstract

Pediatric CNO of the mandible has characteristic radiographic and pathologic features and is usually found as one of multiple disease foci in CRMO rather than as an isolated lesion.

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis of the jaw – difficulties in diagnosis

“…The acronym CRMO provides ‘multifocal’ as one of its characteristics and this criterion was not seen in our case. CRMO is most commonly cited in the clavicle with long bones, vertebra and pelvis also seen. This case was of the jaw which is less commonly found within the literature.…”

Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis involving the mandible: A case report

“…CT and MRI play crucial roles in the radiographic characterisation of CRMO. CT is used to delineate the extent of osteolysis and provide adequate bone detail [8]; MRI provides greater anatomical and morphological detail [18].…”

“…The differential diagnosis includes infectious osteomyelitis, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and Langerhans cell histiocytosis [8], [27].…”

“…Tumour necrosis factor-blocking agents have also been used [22], as well as bisphosphonate [17]. Surgical intervention is reserved for contour reduction [8].…”

“…CNO is poorly characterised in the maxillofacial surgery literature due to the use of inconsistent terminology [8].…”