Pediatric case of conidiobolomycosis: A rare entity

Gupta, Parakriti; Pilania, Rakesh Kumar; Kaur, Harsimran; Rudramurthy, Shivaprakash M; Soni, Ranu; Batra, Nitya; Verma, Roshan; Singh, Surjit; Chatterjee, Debajyoti

doi:10.1111/pde.14875

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…While the role of apoptosis during a fungal infection in insects remains unclear, some research has described the presence of apoptosis and caspase-like proteins activation [ 24 , 25 ] and oxidative stress [ 26 ] in immunocompetent cells of Galleria mellonella during Conidiobolus coronatus infection. C. coronatus , a cosmopolitan soil fungus, is an opportunistic pathogen which causes fungal infection (conidiobolomycosis) in humans and other mammals [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Initially, cases of conidiobolomycosis were detected in areas with tropical and subtropical climates; however, due to climate change and modern advances in global travel, the disease now can spread in temperate climates [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changes in Mitochondrial Morphology and Physiology Accompanying Apoptosis in Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera) Immunocompetent Cells during Conidiobolus coronatus (Entomophthorales) Infection

Kaczmarek

Wrońska

Boguś

2023

IJMS

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Mitochondria have been shown to play an important role in apoptosis using mammalian cell lines. However, their role in insects is not fully understood; thus, more indepth studies of insect cell apoptosis are necessary. The present study investigates mitochondrial involvement during Conidiobolus coronatus-induced apoptosis in Galleria mellonella hemocytes. Previous research has shown that fungal infection could induce apoptosis in insect hemocytes. Our findings indicate that mitochondria undergo several morphological and physiological changes during fungal infection, e.g., loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, megachannel formation, disturbances in intracellular respiration, increased nonrespiratory oxygen consumption in mitochondria, decreased ATP-coupled oxygen consumption and increased non-ATP–coupled oxygen consumption, decreased extracellular and intracellular oxygen consumption, and increased extracellular pH. Our findings confirm that G. mellonella immunocompetent cells demonstrate Ca2+ overload in mitochondria, translocation of cytochrome c-like protein from mitochondrial to cytosol fraction, and higher activation of caspase-9-like protein after C. coronatus infection. Most importantly, several of the changes observed in insect mitochondria are similar to those accompanying apoptosis in mammalian cells, suggesting that the process is evolutionarily conserved.

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