Pediatric brain stem gliomas: A review

Freeman, Carolyn R.; Farmer, Jean‐Pierre

doi:10.1016/s0360-3016(97)00572-5

Cited by 217 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…[123][124][125][126] The long-term survival is very poor with only 6 to 10% of patients surviving beyond 2 years of age, which has not changed over the last decades. 127 Historical control data are relatively homogeneous among several trials and reveal 1-year OS of 30% (Ϯ 3%) and 1-year PFS of 12% (Ϯ 2%), which against new therapeutics avenues will be tested.…”

Section: Diffuse Brain Stem Gliomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Brain Tumors: Current Treatment Strategies and Future Therapeutic Approaches

2009

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Summary:Pediatric CNS tumors are the most common solid tumors of childhood and the second most common cancer after hematological malignancies accounting for approximate 20 to 25% of all primary pediatric tumors. With over 3,000 new cases per year in the United States, childhood CNS tumors are the leading cause of death related to cancer in this population. The prognosis for these patients has improved over the last few decades, but current therapies continue to carry a high risk of significant side effects, especially for the very young. Currently a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy is often used in children greater than 3 years of age. This article will outline current and future therapeutic strategies for the most common pediatric CNS tumors, including primitive neuroectodermal tumors such as medulloblastoma, as well as astrocytomas and ependymomas.

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Section: Diffuse Brain Stem Gliomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Brain Tumors: Current Treatment Strategies and Future Therapeutic Approaches

2009

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“…At autopsy, most lesions have progressed to higher-grade tumors such as anaplastic astrocytoma or glioblastoma. 4,[15][16][17][18][19] Therefore, biochemical changes that are associated with malignant transformation can be studied by serial MR spectroscopy in these tumors. We observed metabolic changes indicative of malignant transformation, reported elsewhere, 20 that have been also previously reported by Laprie et al 21 and Thakur et al 22 for this patient population.…”

Section: Citrate In Pediatric Brain Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citrate in Pediatric CNS Tumors?

Seymour

Panigrahy²,

Finlay³

et al. 2008

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Radiotherapy frequently results in clinical improvement of diffuse pontine glioma and approximately doubles the median survival to 1 year (Freeman and Farmer 1998). Increasing the intensity of radiotherapy by hyperfractionation (Packer et al, 1994, and acceleration (Lewis et al, 1997) did not increase the survival further and the sequelae suggest caution with this approach (Freeman et al, 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case they grow very slowly (Pollack et al, 1996;Bilaniuk et al, 1997), and a 'waitand-see' approach can provide the patient with long duration of good quality of life. (iii) Intrinsic diffused pontine glioma, in contrast, have a poor prognosis (Freeman and Farmer, 1998). The radiological characteristics of these tumours are: Pontine location, hypodensity on CT, hypointensity on T1 MRI images, hyperintensity on T2 images, no contrast enhancement, and almost complete involvement of the cross-section of the pons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Treatment of paediatric pontine glioma with oral trophosphamide and etoposide

Wolff¹,

Westphal²,

Mölenkamp

et al. 2002

Br J Cancer

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To evaluate the overall survival of paediatric patients with pontine gliomas treated with oral trophosphamide and etoposide. Patients between 3 and 17 years of age with either typical diffuse pontine glioma on MRI or histologically proven anaplastic astrocytoma/glioblastoma multiforme located in the pons, were eligible. Treatment consisted of oral trophosphamide 100 mg m 72 day 71 combined with oral etoposide at 25 mg m 72 day 71 starting simultaneously with conventional radiation. Twenty patients were enrolled (median age 6 years, male : female=9 : 11). Surgical procedures included: no surgery: five, open biopsy: three, stereotactic biopsy: six, partial resection: three, and sub-total resection: three. Histological diagnoses included pilocytic astrocytoma: one, astrocytoma with no other specification: three, anaplastic astrocytoma: three, glioblastoma multiforme: eight, no histology: five. The most frequent side effects were haematologic and gastrointestinal. There was no toxic death. The response to combined treatment in 12 evaluable patients was: complete response: 0, partial response: three, stable disease: four, and progressive disease: five. All tumours progressed locally and all patients died. The overall median survival was 8 months. The overall survival rates at 1 and 4 years were: 0.4 and 0.05 respectively. This was not different from a control group of patients documented in the same population. Oral trophosphamide in combination with etoposide did not improve survival of pontine glioma patients. The treatment was well tolerated and should be evaluated for more chemoresponsive paediatric malignancies.

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Pediatric brain stem gliomas: A review

Cited by 217 publications

References 44 publications

Pediatric Brain Tumors: Current Treatment Strategies and Future Therapeutic Approaches

Pediatric Brain Tumors: Current Treatment Strategies and Future Therapeutic Approaches

Citrate in Pediatric CNS Tumors?

Treatment of paediatric pontine glioma with oral trophosphamide and etoposide

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