Pediatric Balance Scale: A Modified Version of the Berg Balance Scale for the School-Age Child with Mild to Moderate Motor Impairment

Franjoine, Mary Rose; Gunther, Joan S.; Taylor, Mary Jean

doi:10.1097/01.pep.0000068117.48023.18

Cited by 355 publications

(289 citation statements)

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“…Due to the importance of detection of balance disorders, the PBS was developed for pediatric population 14 . For the correct balance evaluation, validated and cross-culturally adapted instrument to allow comparisons among different populations is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four translators and 33 health professionals worked on the cultural adaptation of the English version of PBS 14 . Fifteen volunteers from the physical therapy clinic of our institution were selected to participate on the reliability of the PBS.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adaptation of the original English version of PBS 14 was carried out according to the guidelines from Guillemin 21 and Beaton et al 22 , following the recommendations of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Medical Outcomes Trust 23 . The translation into Portuguese was conducted by two independent Brazilian translators who were proficient in English and aware of the objectives of the study.…”

Section: Translation and Cross-cultural Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scale contains 14 items evaluating functional activities that a child can perform at home, at school or in the community. This scale is relatively simple and of easy administration, with total time of administration of 15 minutes 14 . In typically developed children, significant differences were observed on the performance of the PBS regarding age and gender, as well as the association between theirs scores with age, height, weight and body mass index 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on a pilot study with typically developed children, in which the BBS showed unsatisfactory test-retest reliability, Franjoine, Gunther and Taylor 14 observed that most of the children tested had difficulty in maintaining the static postures. The authors of this piloty study proposed modifications in the 14 items of BBS in order to develop a balance scale more appropriate for children population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Cross-cultural adaptation and reliability analysis of the Brazilian version of Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS)

Ries¹,

Michaelsen²,

Soares³

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Translation and Cross-cultural Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cross-cultural adaptation and reliability analysis of the Brazilian version of Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS)

Ries¹,

Michaelsen²,

Soares³

et al. 2012

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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Overground Gait Training With a Wearable Robot in Children With Cerebral Palsy

Choi,

Kim,

Hong

et al. 2024

JAMA Netw Open

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ImportanceCerebral palsy (CP) is the most common developmental motor disorder in children. Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) using a wearable robot can provide intensive overground walking experience.ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of overground RAGT in children with CP using an untethered, torque-assisted, wearable exoskeletal robot.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multicenter, single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted from September 1, 2021, to March 31, 2023, at 5 rehabilitation institutions in Korea. Ninety children with CP in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels II to IV were randomized.InterventionThe RAGT group underwent 18 sessions of RAGT during 6 weeks, whereas the control group received standard physical therapy for the same number of sessions during the same period.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe primary outcome measure was the Gross Motor Function Measure 88 (GMFM-88) score. Secondary outcome measures were the GMFM-66, Pediatric Balance Scale, selective control assessment of the lower extremity, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory–Computer Adaptive Test (PEDI-CAT), 6-minute walking test scores (distance and oxygen consumption), muscle and fat mass via bioelectrical impedance analysis, and gait parameters measured via 3-dimensional analysis. All assessments were performed for all patients at baseline, at the end of the 6-week intervention, and after the 4-week follow-up.ResultsOf the 90 children (mean [SD] age, 9.51 [2.48] years; 49 [54.4%] male and 41 [45.6%] female) in the study, 78 (86.7%) completed the intervention, with 37 participants (mean [SD] age, 9.57 [2.38] years; 19 [51.4%] male) and 41 participants (mean [SD] age, 9.32 [2.37] years; 26 [63.4%] male) randomly assigned to the RAGT and control groups, respectively. Changes in the RAGT group significantly exceeded changes in the control group in GMFM-88 total (mean difference, 2.64; 95% CI, 0.50-4.78), GMFM-E (mean difference, 2.70; 95% CI, 0.08-5.33), GMFM-66 (mean difference, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.01-2.60), and PEDI-CAT responsibility domain scores (mean difference, 2.52; 95% CI, 0.42-4.63), indicating independence in daily living at postintervention assessment. At the 4-week follow-up, the RAGT group showed significantly greater improvements in balance control (mean difference, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.03-2.94) and Gait Deviation Index (mean difference, 6.48; 95% CI, 2.77-10.19) compared with the control group.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this randomized clinical trial, overground RAGT using a wearable robot significantly improved gross motor function and gait pattern. This new torque-assisted wearable exoskeletal robot, based on assist-as-needed control, may complement standard rehabilitation by providing adequate assistance and therapeutic support to children with CP.Trial RegistrationCRIS Identifier: KCT0006273

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2018

Treatment of Cerebral Palsy and Motor Delay

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Pediatric Balance Scale: A Modified Version of the Berg Balance Scale for the School-Age Child with Mild to Moderate Motor Impairment

Abstract: The PBS has been demonstrated to have good test-retest and interrater reliability when used with school-age children with mild to moderate motor impairments.

Cited by 355 publications

References 4 publications

Cross-cultural adaptation and reliability analysis of the Brazilian version of Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS)

Cross-cultural adaptation and reliability analysis of the Brazilian version of Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS)

Overground Gait Training With a Wearable Robot in Children With Cerebral Palsy

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