Pedestrian single file movement on stairway: Investigating the impact of stair configuration on pedestrian ascent and descent fundamental diagram

Jian-yu, Wang; Ma, Jian; Lin, Ping; Sarvi, Majid; Li, Ruoyu

doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105409

Cited by 31 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Although the usage of SSMs have grown popularity in last few years due to its ability to predict crashes without occurrence of the incident [17][18], still the analysis of historical reported road crashes is common due to its proof of occurrence. Moreover, with historical data, varied geometrical and driver behavior along with vehicle flow data can be considered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Pedestrian Fatality Prediction Models Using Historical Crash Data: Application of Binary Logistic Regression and Boosted Tree Mechanism

Mohanty¹,

Sarkar²,

Gorzelańczyk³

et al. 2023

Communications

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Pedestrian fatality rate plays a key role in examining effectiveness of the road safety. The present study attempts to examine the effect of various categories of accused vehicles and the average 85 th percentile speed at accident location on the pedestrian crash fatality. The study also attempts to develop pedestrian crash severity models using the binary logistic regression and boosted trees technique. Historical crash data, along with the video recording technique at accident sites, have been utilized for the present study. From regression equations, it is observed that when the heavy vehicle (HV) hits a pedestrian as compared to two-wheeler (2W), the average chance of death increases 2.44 times. According to the Boosted tree model, the contribution of speed is 60 %, whereas the contribution of category of accused vehicle is 40 % for pedestrian fatality prediction. The study should help in planning better strategies like all red time at intersections or pedestrian foot over bridge at critical locations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Pedestrian Fatality Prediction Models Using Historical Crash Data: Application of Binary Logistic Regression and Boosted Tree Mechanism

Mohanty¹,

Sarkar²,

Gorzelańczyk³

et al. 2023

Communications

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“…The research perspectives of present studies include mainly evacuation behavior [17], standard procedure for safety evacuation [18], egress choice [19], and campus evacuation plan [20]. In addition, a staircase is an important emergency evacuation component and has been the focus of research in this area, containing pedestrian merging behavior [21,22], the impact of stair design on evacuation times, including stair tread depth [23], riser height, stair slope [24], etc.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance-Based Evacuation Optimization for Teaching Building with Heterogeneous Populations: Simulation and Numerical Studies

Yang

Zhou

2023

Fire

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Building evacuation safety has been one of the focal points of researchers, and there is a wealth of research findings for certain places (e.g., buildings with a high population density) or for particular research subjects (e.g., the physically challenged ethnic group). However, current publications are relatively rare in analyzing the features of physically impaired individuals in crowded places and their impact on the effectiveness of the whole evacuation process, including non-disabled people. Additionally, only such studies tend to concentrate on the behavioral characteristics of disabled people, which lack exploring and comparing evacuation optimization strategies and evaluation of comprehensive evacuation performance. This paper proposed a computer simulation-based method that combined horizontally phased evacuation and vertically phased evacuation, supplemented with the use of handicapped ramps and a reasonable arrangement of class locations, to achieve the optimal evacuation performance of a teaching building with special consideration of the heterogeneous population. And then, a simulated building model was constructed to test and compare the effectiveness and applicability of these approaches through 33 evacuation scenario studies. The results found that (1) component design can improve evacuation effectiveness, with the arrangement of ramps and the location of stair doors successfully reducing evacuation time by 12% and 6.6%, respectively; (2) a combination of two ramps and separate handicap access can decrease evacuation time by 18%; (3) the horizontal-phased evacuation approach drops evacuation time by 7.1%, but the vertical-phased evacuation strategy is not very efficient. When the two are successfully combined, evacuation time is further reduced to 9.2%; and (4) based on the above measures, the evacuation time can be finally shortened by 19% if the veteran teachers are concentrated in the classrooms on the lower floors. These obtained conclusions will provide significant reference and methodological support for the safe evacuation of other similar buildings with heterogeneous populations.

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“…Research on crowd evacuation has reached a degree of maturity across three main branches. First, real building architectures are abstracted into several fundamental structures, followed by the execution of controlled experiments involving different motion types (including the unidirectional flow [1], the bidirectional flow [2], the intersection flow [3], the bottleneck flow [4,5], the stairway flow [6], and the room evacuation [7,8]) to study different topics [9,10]. Second, field observations help discover pedestrian dynamics laws, often employed in post-accident investigations, like the Mina [11] and Love Parade crowd disasters [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of pedestrian evacuation from narrow seated area considering exit failure: experimental and simulation results

Hu,

Chen,

Wang

et al. 2024

J. Stat. Mech.

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Narrow seated spaces with multiple exits are prevalent structures in public buildings, underscoring the paramount importance of facilitating swift evacuation in such constrained environments. In this study, we first conducted evacuation experiments in a realistic narrow seated area. By manipulating different availability conditions for two exits located at the ends of the long aisle, we studied the effects of unpredictable exit failures, specifically, how the exit switch and explicit guidance influence the evacuation process. The movement characteristics are explored in several aspects, such as pre-evacuation time, aisle conflicts, speed, distance headway, evacuation time, and time lapse. We found that once people have encountered the exit failure condition, they would demonstrate enhanced preparedness in subsequent trials, leading to expedited exit switches. With explicit guidance, people would be less hesitant and move faster in the main aisle. The fine-grid cellular automata model is extended based on the experimental observations to verify its feasibility in simulating this process. Conflict resolution and turning behavior are incorporated for a more nuanced description. The effects of the exit switch are parameterized through the informed probability and the speed reduction.

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Pedestrian single file movement on stairway: Investigating the impact of stair configuration on pedestrian ascent and descent fundamental diagram

Cited by 31 publications

References 66 publications

Developing Pedestrian Fatality Prediction Models Using Historical Crash Data: Application of Binary Logistic Regression and Boosted Tree Mechanism

Developing Pedestrian Fatality Prediction Models Using Historical Crash Data: Application of Binary Logistic Regression and Boosted Tree Mechanism

Performance-Based Evacuation Optimization for Teaching Building with Heterogeneous Populations: Simulation and Numerical Studies

Characteristics of pedestrian evacuation from narrow seated area considering exit failure: experimental and simulation results

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