Pedestrian impact and run over using a multibody simulation tool

Silva, M P T.; Ambrósio, Jorge

doi:10.1533/cras.1999.0104

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Its advantages include valid treatment of damping, which allows rate effects to be correctly included. It does not suffer from the problems associated with several previous methods of characterising contact-impact properties in pedestrian simulation studies, such as the inability to include rate dependent effects, and/or extrapolation/interpolation to different impact energies [4,5] or the inability to include permanent deformation [17,18]. It is a practicable and justifiable method of defining stiffness that is likely to be valid over a wider range of impact conditions than previous contact-impact models used in reported simulations of pedestrian impacts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An alternative approach for the characterisation of pedestrian vehicle contacts was suggested by [17] and [18], based on earlier work by Lankarani and Nikravesh [19] (explained in detail below), but the approach does not account for energy loss due to permanent deformation, and appears not to have been taken up by others in the pedestrian crash simulation field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenomenological continuous contact–impact modelling for multibody simulations of pedestrian–vehicle contact interactions based on experimental data

2009

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Multibody modelling of pedestrian collisions requires the definition of contactimpact between the pedestrian and the vehicle. An examination of relevant impact test data reveals large rate-dependent components of the reaction force, permanent indentation, and concomitant energy loss. Contact-impact models previously used in simulations of pedestrian impacts typically have not adequately modelled one, two or all three of these phenomena. This paper presents a phenomenological contact-impact model based on the Hunt-Crossley model of impact, which includes rate-dependent damping, and is extended to include permanent indentation. The proposed model suitably characterises impact test data in a form that can also be implemented in the multibody simulation code MADYMO (Tass-Safe, Netherlands). The proposed contact-impact model was used to characterise the impact between a legform and the bumper of a vehicle, based on two impact tests conducted at different impact speeds. A single contact-impact definition in MADYMO closely reproduced the dynamics of both tests. The proposed model may be suitable in a wide range of impact conditions where the impact is modelled using multibody techniques and it is practicable to conduct impact tests as part of the modelling process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenomenological continuous contact–impact modelling for multibody simulations of pedestrian–vehicle contact interactions based on experimental data

2009

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“…Accident reconstruction involving pedestrians can be complex and, in general, requires the use of 3D biomechanical models of the human body [3]. Multibody dynamics has been used in the development of these models successfully [3][4][5][6]. The development of vehicle and pedestrian models and its use in computational tools based in multibody [8] systems dynamics are essential.…”

Section: Accident Reconstruction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics of a Pedestrian Accident Reconstruction

Portal

Dias

Sousa

2019

2019 IEEE 6th Portuguese Meeting on Bioengineering (ENBENG)

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Pedestrians represent about 20% of the overall fatalities in Europe's road traffic accidents, as well as in Portugal. An in-depth investigation, accident reconstruction, is mandatory in order to analyze with care fundamental aspects of an accident. Detailed information about the injuries and injury causation mechanisms are with great use for it. Accident reconstruction computational techniques using pedestrian biomechanical models are used to evaluate the accident conditions that lead to major pedestrian injuries, such as the vehicle's speed and the impact location. For biomechanical injury criterions, the AIS (Abbreviated Injury Scale), the HIC (Head Injury Criterion) and some other injury criterions are used.Pedestrian's height, weight, gender, age, vehicle geometry (or category) and travelling speed, significantly influence the pedestrian injuries in the event of a road collision.The use of injury scales and biomechanical criterions in the in-depth accident investigation of road accidents, such as AIS, can improve significantly the quality of the reconstruction process.The computer simulation of vehicle-to-pedestrian collisions is fundamental for the study of the dynamics of these road accidents. Where did the pedestrian is when the vehicle hits him? Normally, there is no simple and clear answer. The pedestrian, if survives, states that he uses the crossway, the driver of the vehicle states otherwise, that the location of the pedestrian was much later than the pedestrian crossing.This work presents an accident where only the use of accident reconstruction specialized software, PC-Crash, conjugated with all available information allowed the determination of the vehicle's speed and the Location of the pedestrian. I. INTRODUCTIONEvery year about 1.2 million people die and more than 50 million are injured in road accidents. In Europe (Fig. 1), 25300 people lost their lives in 2017, which is 20% fewer than in 2010, more than 66% fewer than in 1991 (data collected from [1-2]). While this trend represents a great Ricardo J.F. Portal are with GIMOSM -

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Twenty-five years of natural coordinates

Jalón

2007

Multibody Syst Dyn

108

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Pedestrian impact and run over using a multibody simulation tool

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Phenomenological continuous contact–impact modelling for multibody simulations of pedestrian–vehicle contact interactions based on experimental data

Phenomenological continuous contact–impact modelling for multibody simulations of pedestrian–vehicle contact interactions based on experimental data

Biomechanics of a Pedestrian Accident Reconstruction

Twenty-five years of natural coordinates

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