Pedestrian–bridge dynamic interaction, including human participation

Qin, Jingwei; Law, S.S.; Yang, Qingshan; Yang, Na

doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2012.09.021

Cited by 80 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Figure 11. Bipedal walking locomotion models: (a) inverted pendulum [39], (b) rocker foot [40], (c) spring mass [41], (d) spring mass with rocker foot [42], (e) spring mass with damper [43] and (f) spring mass with rocker foot and damper [35].…”

Section: Human Body As Ipmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling human actions on lightweight structures: experimental and numerical developments

Živanović

2015

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. This paper presents recent, numerical and experimental, developments in modelling dynamic loading generated by humans. As modern structures with exposure to human-induced loading, such as footbridges, building floors and grandstands, are becoming ever lighter and more slender, they are increasingly susceptible to vibration under human-induced dynamic excitation, such as walking, jumping, running and bobbing, and their vibration serviceability assessment is often a deciding factor in the design process. While simplified modelling of the human using a harmonic force was sufficient for assessment of vibration performance of more robust structures a few decades ago, the higher fidelity models are required in the contemporary design. These models are expected not only to describe both temporal and spectral features of the force signal more accurately, but also to capture the influence, psychological and physiological, of human-structure and human-human interaction mechanisms on the human kinematics, and consequently on the force generated and the resulting vibration response. Significant advances have been made in both the research studies and design guidance. This paper reports the key developments and identifies the scope for further research.

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Section: Human Body As Ipmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling human actions on lightweight structures: experimental and numerical developments

Živanović

2015

MATEC Web of Conferences

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“…The bipedal walking model, walking force, and the vertical displacement of center mass (all after [42]). Considering that the traditional walking force models ignored the HSI, Qin introduced the damping parameter to Geyer's bipedal walking model (Fig.5) [49], and built a coupled human-structure dynamic system to analyze the interaction between single pedestrian and footbridge. Fig.5.…”

Section: The Biomechanics Based Walking Force Model (Bwfm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig.5. The bipedal walking model with damping parameter (after [49]) Due to the damping parameter, the energy would dissipate in the process of walking, and pedestrian that in the coupled dynamic system would stop movement after several walking cycles. In order to maintain a successive and stable walking gait, Qin applied a horizontal control force F ctrl (t) (as Eq.4) as balance control mechanism to maintain the total energy of the human body during walking.…”

Section: The Biomechanics Based Walking Force Model (Bwfm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestrian Induced Structural Vibration and the Walking Force Models Basing On Biomechanics: a Literature Review

Song¹,

Zhang²

2015

Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Advanced Design and Manufacturing Engineering

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Abstract. The interactions of structure-human and those of human-human would change the macroscopic behavior of human walking on the structure and which, would further result the change of walking forces. The complexity of walking forces during the interaction process is the reason that lively structures exhibit some special vibration behaviors under the crowd excitation. The walking forces observed through the traditional indoor footfall experiments can't fully reflect the interaction process. However, a biomechanics based walking force models can establish the relationships between human macroscopic activities and walking forces so that it can server as an alternative method. The biomechanical models describing human body dynamics and walking forces are reviewed and the problems to be studied in the field are suggested from the views point of human-human interaction and human-structure interaction. IntroductionThe pedestrians induced structural vibrations is a worldly focused problem and which is widely solved by the forced vibration theory (FVT). However, recent studies have shown that some special structural vibration phenomena under crowds' excitation are resulted by human-human interaction (HHI) and human-structure interaction (HSI). These two interactions would change the normal gaits of human and further result the change of frequency, amplitude and phase of walking forces. However, the indoor footfall tests can't fully consider the influences of the interactions because of the experimental conditions. Combining the simulation of pedestrians' macroscopic movements, the biomechanics based walking force model (BWFM) could serve as an alternative solution.The studies on human induced structural vibrations, human behaviors on pedestrian structures and BWFMs are reviewed in this paper. From view point of HHI and HSI, four important aspects associated with BWFMs are summarized as follows:(1) The study of walking forces on a moving surface.(2) The study of walking forces under different walking velocities.(3) The study of walking forces under the change of walking directions.(4) The study of walking forces considering the human synchronization. Human induced structural vibrations and human behaviorsHuman induced structural vibrations is a widely concerned problem [1,2], and the forced vibration theory (FVT) which is a primary analytical method has been used in varies standards domestic and overseas [3,4]. According to this theory, the walking forces are treated as external excitations, and the pedestrians induced vibrations are solved through forced vibration equations. Based on this theory, some similar methods have been developed, such as the time history method [5], the dynamic amplifying factor method [6], the response spectra method [7], and others [1,8]. In these methods the walking forces are treated as external excitations and obtained from indoor footfall experiments, while the body weight is treated as the added mass [9]. During the footfall experiments, testers are required to walk in a customary way...

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“…Zivanovic (2015) reviewed the experimental and numerical developments of lightweight structures under human actions. Qin et al (2013 and2014) studied dynamic performances of footbridge under a walking biomechanical bipedal pedestrian model based on a constant walking energy level. However, the vertical vibrational stability of structure under dynamic crowds is none.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, a stability limit criterion with the vertical vibration is studied based on the crowd excitation mechanism with the modeled bipedal pedestrians (Qin et al, 2013). Firstly, the dynamic equilibrium equation of a structure is established by considering the vertical ground reaction force (GRF) between footholds and pavement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Stability Criterion Model of Flexible Footbridges under Crowd-Induced Vertical Excitation

Gao¹,

Yang²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:The excessive vibration caused by crowds walking across footbridges has attracted great public concerns in the past few decades. This paper presents, from considering the dynamic characteristics of the bipedal crowd model, a new stability limit criterion based on the bipedal excitation model. The stability limit can be used to estimate the upper boundary of crowd size. In addition, the dynamic stable performances of a structure, under a certain walking crowd size, can be predicted by the stability criterion.This proposed mechanism provides an alternative comprehension how crowd excite the excessive sway motion with a large-span structure.

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Pedestrian–bridge dynamic interaction, including human participation

Cited by 80 publications

References 20 publications

Modelling human actions on lightweight structures: experimental and numerical developments

Modelling human actions on lightweight structures: experimental and numerical developments

Pedestrian Induced Structural Vibration and the Walking Force Models Basing On Biomechanics: a Literature Review

A Stability Criterion Model of Flexible Footbridges under Crowd-Induced Vertical Excitation

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