Peculiarities of the radiated field in the vicinity of a mobile terminal connected to 4G versus 5G networks during various applications usage

Abstract

<abstract> <p>Realistic human exposures to radiation emitted by a mobile terminal connected to either a 5G network (sub-6 GHz) or to a 4G network have been scarcely assessed till now. Present experimental work aimed at comparing the radiated field in air, in a single point situated at 10 cm from a mobile phone when running a set of 5 mobile applications in the two communication standards. The time-evolution of the electric field strength in air near the terminal during 25 s of use was recorded by an original method, together with the data rate of transmission. The emitted power density dynamics, its statistics, its slope of accumulation after the usage period and its average value per transmitted bit are analyzed and compared between all the situations. The peculiarities are emphasized and they are proved to depend on the communication standard and on the mobile application.</p> </abstract>

Dominance of Smartphone Exposure in 5G Mobile Networks

“…We focus hereafter on the literature addressing active traffic exposure measurements from 5G UE (group G4) [27]- [32]. Xu et al [27] perform measurements of 5G UE power density in a semi-anechoic chamber.…”

“…Joshi et al [29] and Lee et al [30] analyze 5G UE output power levels that are collected from measurements in commercial networks. Deaconescu et al [31] and Miclaus et al [32] collect EMF measurement from a 5G UE in an indoor controlled environment, with and without generating UL/DL traffic. Overall, such works indicate that the exposure from 5G smartphones is non-negligible, and that a huge variation in the exposure levels can be observed.…”

“…Overall, such works indicate that the exposure from 5G smartphones is non-negligible, and that a huge variation in the exposure levels can be observed. In contrast to [27]- [32], in this work we go two steps further by: i) integrating the exposure from 5G RBS and ii) performing exposure assessments of groups G1 + G3 + G4 both in indoor controlled environments and into the wild, i.e., several outdoor locations covered by a commercial 5G RBS.…”