Peat beneficiation by wet carbonization

Lau, F.S.; Roberts, Michael J.; Rue, D.M.; Punwani, D.V.; Wen, W.W.; Johnson, Paul

doi:10.1016/0166-5162(87)90026-7

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…As the residence time increases, other reaction mechanisms begin to act. In particular, decarboxylation leads to the removal of carboxyl groups, as suggested by many authors [34][35][36]. Finally, at longer residence times (i.e., from 3 to 8 h) the variations of both H/C and O/C ratios are less pronounced, a part from what happens at higher temperatures, namely 250 • C. This can represent an important hint while designing the process parameters for an industrial plant.…”

Section: Solid Phase (Hydrochar)mentioning

confidence: 77%

In Deep Analysis on the Behavior of Grape Marc Constituents during Hydrothermal Carbonization

et al. 2018

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Grape marc is a residue of the wine-making industry, nowadays not always effectively valorized. It consists of grape seeds (mostly lignocellulosic) and grape skins (mostly holocellulosic). In order to understand possible correlations between seeds and skins in forming hydrochar for it to be used as a solid biofuel, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was applied separately to grape marc and its constituents. HTC was performed at several process conditions (temperature: 180, 220 and 250 • C; reaction time: 0.5, 1, 3 and 8 h), in order to collect data on the three phases formed downstream of the process: solid (hydrochar), liquid and gas. An in deep analytical characterization was performed: ultimate analysis and calorific value for hydrochar, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Inductively Coupled Plasma (IPC) analyses for liquid phase, composition for gas phase. In previous works, the same experimental apparatus was used to treat residual biomass, obtaining interesting results in terms of possible hydrochar exploitation as a solid biofuel. Thus, the main objectives of this work were both to get results for validating the hypothesis to apply HTC to this feedstock, and to collect data for subsequent theoretical investigations. Moreover, a severity model was developed to allow a predictive description of the hydrochar yield as a function of a unique parameter condensing both temperature and reaction time effects. The results obtained demonstrate that this process can upgrade wet residues into a solid biofuel ad that the process can be satisfactorily described in terms of a severity factor.

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Section: Solid Phase (Hydrochar)mentioning

confidence: 77%

In Deep Analysis on the Behavior of Grape Marc Constituents during Hydrothermal Carbonization

et al. 2018

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“…43,73,79,83,93,96 Detailed reaction mechanisms are largely unknown, including the eff ect of the presence of water. 70 Carboxyl and carbonyl groups rapidly degrade above 150°C, yielding CO 2 and CO, respectively.…”

Section: Decarboxylationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One economic way of achieving longer residence times is the recirculation of water. 72,73 With this method, the energy content of the hot water can be recovered while keeping the consumption of fresh water low.…”

Section: Considerations For the Design Of The Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Th us they can be regarded as hydrothermal carbonization processes, too.Th e earliest patent can be traced back to 1850 (by Vignoles), which led to the so-called 'wet carbonization' of peat [72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80]. Al though realized in commercial installations, a widespread application has not been achieved, mainly because peat does not represent an economic energy source in most parts of the world.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass: A summary and discussion of chemical mechanisms for process engineering

Funke

Ziegler

2010

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

1,566

1,028

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Hydrothermal carbonization can be defined as combined dehydration and decarboxy lation of a fuel to raise its carbon content with the aim of achieving a higher calorific value. It is realized by applying elevated temperatures (180-220 o C) to biomass in a suspension with water under saturated pressure for several hours. With this conversion process, a lignite-like, easy to handle fuel with well-defined properties can be created from biomass residues, even with high moisture content. Thus it may contribute to a wider application of biomass for energetic purposes. Although hydrothermal carbonization has been known for nearly a century, it has received little attention in current biomass conversion research. This review summarizes knowledge about the chemical nature of this process from a process design point of view. Reaction mechanisms of hydrolysis, dehydration, decarboxylation, aromatization, and condensation polymerization are discussed and evaluated to describe important operational parameters qualitatively. The results are used to derive fundamental process design im provements.

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“…These results indicate that hydrothermally upgraded solid products produced at 250°C and 380°C had similar atomic H/C and O/C ratios following coalification between lignite and subbituminous coals. Heat and pressure causes a disruption of the colloidal nature of peat during hydrothermal treatment (Cavalier & Chornet, 1977;Lau et al, 1987), which results in the solid products having a low equilibrium moisture content. Extensive losses of oxygen also led to decreases in the equilibrium moisture content of the solid products.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Treatment of Hokkaido Peat - An Application of FTIR and 13C NMR Spectroscopy on Examining of Artificial Coalification Process and Development

Mursito¹,

Hirajima²

2012

Infrared Spectroscopy - Materials Science, Engineering and Technology

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Peat beneficiation by wet carbonization

Cited by 13 publications

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In Deep Analysis on the Behavior of Grape Marc Constituents during Hydrothermal Carbonization

In Deep Analysis on the Behavior of Grape Marc Constituents during Hydrothermal Carbonization

Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass: A summary and discussion of chemical mechanisms for process engineering

Hydrothermal Treatment of Hokkaido Peat - An Application of FTIR and 13C NMR Spectroscopy on Examining of Artificial Coalification Process and Development

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