Peanut Response to Prohexadione Calcium, a New Plant Growth Regulator

Abstract

Experiments in 1992Experiments in , 1993, and 1994 evaluated prohexadione calcium (calcium salt of 3,5-dioxo-4propionylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid) as a growth regu lator for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Two experi ments in 1992 compared prohexadione calcium applied at 140 to 560 g ae/ha at the early pegging stage (PG) or at the row closure stage (RC). Greater suppression of main stem (MS) and cotyledonary lateral branch (CLB) length and greater row visibility at harvest were noted when prohexadione calcium was applied at RC. Prohexadione calcium applied at RC decreased MS and CLB length at harvest 16 to 27% and 14 to 29%, respec tively, and greatly improved row visibility. Prohexadione calcium applied at PG generally reduced yield and the percentage of extra large kertiels (ELK), fancy pods (FP), and total sound mature kernels (TSMK) buthadno effect on crop maturity. Prohexadione calcium applied at RC generally had no effect on yield or the proportion of TSMK but increased the percentage of ELK, de creased the percentage of FP, and enhanced crop matu rity. Two experiments in 1993 compared prohexadione calcium at rates of 47 to 280 g/ha applied at RC or at RC and again 3 wk later (RC3). Prohexadione calcium at 140 and 280 g/ha applied at RC suppressed MS and CLB length at harvest 11 to 18% and improved row visibility. Single and sequential applications were equally effec tive. Prohexadione calcium had no effect on yield, matu rity, or the percentage of ELK, FP, and TSMK in 1993. One experiment in 1994 compared prohexadione cal cium at rates of 186 to 280 g/ha applied at RC and RC3 or at RC and RC3 and 6 wk after RC (RC6). Results were similar with all treatments. MS and CLB length at harvest was reduced 29 to 34% and 28 to 32%, respec tively, and row visibility was greatly improved. Prohexadione calcium increased yield 8% and increased the percentage of ELK but had no effect on the percent age of FP and TSMK. Daminozide [butanedioic acid mono (2,2-dimethylhydrazide)] at 950 to 1430 g ae/ha was included in all experiments as a comparison. Row visibility and suppression of MS and CLB length at harvest in prohexadione calcium-treated peanut were at least as great as in daminozide-treated peanut. Results indicate prohexadione calcium could be an effectivereplacement for daminozide.

Effects of Paclobutrazol on Dry Matter Distribution and Yield in Peanut

“…Several plant growth regulators (PGRs) have been used for peanut (Wynne et al, 1974;Wu and Santelmann, 1977;Gardner, 1988;Mitchem et al, 1995;Mitchem et al, 1996;York et al, 1996). However, there are only a few reports that showed any increase of yield by the treatment with PGRs (Brown et al, 1973;Gorbet and Rhoads, 1975).…”

Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Prohexadione Calcium

“…Culpepper et al (1997) and Mitchem et al (1996) reported that prohexadione calcium improved row visibility of peanut and increased pod yield. Beam et al (2002) reported that increased pod yield of peanut by prohexadione calcium was attributed in part to increased pod retention and less pod loss during digging and inversion of vines.…”

Dwarfing of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Trees: Opportunities and Challenges

“…Pro-Ca has been registered in the U.S.A and Europe for use on apple [65], rice [63], petunia and okra plants [66], Camarosa strawberry [67], sorghum [68] and peanut [69]. Application of Pro-Ca reduces the length of stem internode and vegetative growth of fruit trees including apple [70], pear [62] and cherry [71].…”

“…The compound has been reported to have no negative effect on yield, fruit quality, fruit set and flower initiation [62,70,72], although delayed initiation of flowering or fruit set has been reported in several studies [66]. Pro-Ca significantly shortened the annual shoots of a walnut cultivar [73], and greatly suppressed the stem length of peanut [69] and sweet sorghum crops [74]. Pro-Ca does not persist in the plant therefore does not directly affect vegetative growth in the following season [63].…”