“…However, although both orthogonal frequency-division multiple access and SC-FDMA have retained the advantages of OFDM, they have also inherited its weaknesses, one of which is the problem of a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). So far, several countermeasures, such as the partial transmit sequence (PTS), 1-3 selective mapping (SLM), [4][5][6] tone reservation (TR), [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] block codes, 15,16 and tone injection (TI), 17,18 have been implemented to improve the PAPR. Both the PTS and SLM are types of the multiple signal representation technique.…”