Peak shifted properties of the “low background NaI(Tl) detectors”: An experimental study of response function behavior in different temperature and acquisition time

Moghaddam, Yasaman Rezaei; Rafat-Motavalli, Laleh; Hakimabad, Seyyed Hashem Miri

doi:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.04.009

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…From Table 2, a conspicuous phenomenon is observed that with the increase of PMT voltage, the channel address also increases, causing the full-energy peak to shift towards the right side [29]. During the experiment, when the PMT load voltage exceeds 650 V, the full-energy peak of 60 Co is about to exceed the channel range.…”

Section: Experimental Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Associating formulas ( 2) and ( 3), it can be found that higher voltages lead to a better energy resolution, and the energy resolution changes little at this time. In addition, the noise of the photomultiplier tube is large at this time, so the photomultiplier tube obtains a better signal-to-noise ratio, and the energy resolution curve is stable [12,29]. Moreover, the energy resolution of the 2 inch scintillator in the three experimental control groups is smaller.…”

Section: Experimental Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Photomultiplier Tube Voltage on the Performance of Sealed NaI (Tl) Scintillator Detectors

Zhou,

Liu,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations

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We explored the nonlinear characteristics of energy resolution (ER) for the sealed NaI (Tl) scintillator detector by using a gamma-ray spectroscopy system and Monte Carlo simulation. Our research focused on the two primary factors of energy resolution including the photomultiplier tube (PMT) voltage and the distance between the gamma-ray sources (137Cs and 60Co) and the scintillator detector. The experimental results showed that energy resolution decreased when the PMT voltage increased, and the energy resolution of NaI (Tl) detectors reached a smaller value (6.92%, 6.76%, and 6.56%), especially with the PMT voltage in the range of 575–595 V. In addition, a suitable distance between the gamma-ray source and the scintillator (5 cm) can also effectively reduce the energy resolution. We established the simulation models of the experimental NaI (Tl) detectors and simulated their energy spectra. The simulation results in the peak area agreed with the experimental results. A possible better PMT voltage choice has been proposed to obtain a smaller energy resolution.

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Section: Experimental Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Experimental Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Photomultiplier Tube Voltage on the Performance of Sealed NaI (Tl) Scintillator Detectors

Zhou,

Liu,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations

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“…When the K peak position P k corresponding to any temperature T k is corrected to the K peak position 􏽢 P k corresponding to the standard temperature T s , the total correction amount ∆P total , which can be positive or negative, needs to be subtracted, as shown in equation (21). Te similar correction formulas for characteristic peaks of U and T are shown in equations (22) corresponding to a single characteristic peak correction (∆P i can be ∆P K , ∆P U , and ∆P Th ) needs to be calculated frst, which has been described in Chapter 2.2. Secondly, at least two characteristic peaks need to be chosen.…”

Section: Temperature-caused Peak-shift Correction Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitra et al proposed another method based on the assumption that the spectrum obtained at measurement temperature represents the same statistical distribution as that at reference temperature but with different energy scales [21]. Rezaei Moghaddam et al suggested a "waiting time" before long-time measurements to avoid the channel shifting efects, which fnally improved the detector's resolution [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear Correction Methods of Temperature-Caused Peak Shift for a NaI(Tl) Gamma-Ray Spectrometer

Zhai

Lai

et al. 2023

Journal of Spectroscopy

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NaI(Tl) detectors are frequently operated under unstable temperature conditions when used in an open environment. Temperature changes would result in a peak shift and spectral distortion during measurement. Two easy-to-implement methodologies are proposed to stabilize the measured spectrum without the necessity of adjusting the gain, which are a correction algorithm for temperature-caused peak-shift based on multiple characteristic peak area weighting factors and an interpolation correction algorithm based on multicharacteristic peak sequence. Both of them can be used when the relative channel displacement of characteristic peaks in the spectrum due to temperature changes is not constant. Experimental data obtained under controlled temperature conditions in the laboratory were adopted to correct a spectrum, with joint consideration of some known characteristic peaks, such as 40K, U (214Bi), or Th (208Tl) peaks. Through constructing a reversible temperature coefficient matrix, one can easily obtain the coefficients of the n-th polynomial describing the influence of temperature on peak position, which presents their nonlinear mathematical relationship. Then, corrections of these two effects can also be easily calculated. Comparing the experimental results, peak positions before and after correction, it is proved that the interpolation correction algorithm based on multicharacteristic peak sequence has better correction accuracy, but the temperature-caused peak shift correction algorithm based on the multicharacteristic peak area weighting factor has a shorter calibration time.

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“…This is because at low temperatures, the light yield increases and decreases at room temperatures [11]. In addition, when using NaI (Tl) detectors, the channel shift of low background peaks is affected by the ambient temperature and the acquisition time [12], which can be resolved by utilizing the stabilization procedure. Primarily, short peak shaping times and high temperatures cause thermal instability in NaI (Tl) scintillators [13].…”

Section: Jinst 17 P05041mentioning

confidence: 99%

Radioactive source strength effect on gamma radiation monitoring with a NaI (Tl) scintillation detector

et al. 2022

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The accurate monitoring of gamma radiation doses in the environment has become essential due to its effect on human health. In this study, the temperature dependence of NaI (Tl) scintillation detectors based on the daily/annually measured dose rate in the environment as well as the importance of selecting the appropriate radioactive source strength when calibrating NaI (Tl) detectors for gamma radiation monitoring were investigated. The temperature correction coefficients discovered during the calibration of the BDKG-03 detector by Atomtex were verified, and whether the time duration of the measurement interval has an effect on readings of gamma radiation was also investigated in the city of Tomsk. NaI (Tl) scintillation detectors were used to monitor the gamma background radiation in the environment. The detectors were calibrated with both high and low radioactive sources to obtain a temperature correction coefficient in order to stabilize the influence of temperature change on the detector at different time intervals. This was used to study the correlation between the daily and annual dose rates of low gamma background radiation. The results showed that there was a shift in the spectrum of the daily and annual dose rates calculated using the algorithm obtained when the detector was calibrated with a highly radioactive source to the position of the constant coefficient for low-level dose. However, the ones obtained when the detector was calibrated with a low radioactive source and that of the constant coefficient for a low-level dose overlapped each other. This demonstrated that the type of radioactive source used in detector calibration during manufacture has an effect on the temperature correction coefficient, which in turn has an effect on the accuracy of the ambient dose rate when used to monitor gamma radiation. The duration of the time interval for measurement was found to be very important since it has an effect on dose rate readings.

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Peak shifted properties of the “low background NaI(Tl) detectors”: An experimental study of response function behavior in different temperature and acquisition time

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Photomultiplier Tube Voltage on the Performance of Sealed NaI (Tl) Scintillator Detectors

Effect of Photomultiplier Tube Voltage on the Performance of Sealed NaI (Tl) Scintillator Detectors

Nonlinear Correction Methods of Temperature-Caused Peak Shift for a NaI(Tl) Gamma-Ray Spectrometer

Radioactive source strength effect on gamma radiation monitoring with a NaI (Tl) scintillation detector

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