Peak distortion in reversed-phase liquid chromatography as a consequence of viscosity differences between sample solvent and mobile phase

Castells, Cecilia Beatriz Marta; Castells, Reynaldo César

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00042-9

Cited by 52 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This fingering is detrimental to the separation technique as it contributes to peak broadening and distortions. Such conclusions have been reported by several authors either experimentally [7][8][9][10][11][12] or numerically. [12][13][14] Viscous fingering is also of much concern in the dispersion of finite polluted viscous zones inside aquifers.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Miscible viscous fingering with linear adsorption on the porous matrix

2007

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Viscous fingering between miscible fluids of different viscosities can affect the dispersion of finite samples in porous media. In some applications, as typically in chromatographic separations or pollutant dispersion in underground aquifers, adsorption onto the porous matrix of solutes ͑the concentration of which rules the viscosity of the solution͒ can affect the fingering dynamics. Here, we investigate theoretically the influence of such an adsorption on the stability and nonlinear properties of viscous samples displaced in a two-dimensional system by a less viscous and miscible carrying fluid. The model is based on Darcy's law for the evolution of the fluid velocity coupled to a diffusion-convection equation for the concentration of a solute in the mobile phase inside the porous medium. The adsorption-desorption dynamics of the solute onto the stationary phase is assumed to be at equilibrium, to follow a linear isotherm and is characterized by a retention parameter Ј equal to the adsorption-desorption equilibrium constant K multiplied by the phase ratio F. In practice, retention on the porous matrix renormalizes the log-mobility ratio by a factor ͑1+Ј͒. Correspondingly, a linear stability analysis and nonlinear simulations of the model show that an increase of Ј leads to a stabilization of viscous fingering with fingers appearing on a dimensional time scale multiplied by ͑1+Ј͒ 3 and with a dimensional wavelength multiplied by ͑1+Ј͒.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Miscible viscous fingering with linear adsorption on the porous matrix

2007

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“…The relative strength of the injection solvent, together with viscosity differences compared with the mobile phase, are likely to be the causes of the efficiency loss [17][18][19]. Losses in efficiency due to solute overloading were unlikely to influence the results.…”

Section: Effect Of Increasing Injection Volume On Efficiency In Hilicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some factors that can lead to poor peak shape in hydrophilic interaction chromatography, and possibilities for their remediation

Heaton

McCalley

2016

Journal of Chromatography A

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UWE makes no representation or warranties of commercial utility, title, or fitness for a particular purpose or any other warranty, express or implied in respect of any material deposited.UWE makes no representation that the use of the materials will not infringe any patent, copyright, trademark or other property or proprietary rights. UWE accepts no liability for any infringement of intellectual property rights in any material deposited but will remove such material from public view pending investigation in the event of an allegation of any such infringement. PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR TEXT.1 Some factors that can lead to poor peak shape in hydrophilic interaction chromatography, and possibilities for their remediation. AbstractSome factors which present difficulties for obtaining good peak shape in hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) were studied. The effect of injection solvent composition and volume were systematically investigated using a selection of weak and stronger basic compounds on a hybrid bare silica phase. Increasing the mismatch between the injection solvent (range 95 to 0 % ACN, v/v) and the mobile phase (maintained at 95 % ACN v/v) gave increasing deterioration in peak shape. With the 2.1 mm ID columns used, injections in the mobile phase of increasing volume (1-20 μL) gave poorer peak shape, but the magnitude of the effect was considerably smaller than that of solvent mismatch over this range. Some solute structural features such as galloyl (trihydroxy benzene), catechol (benzene diol) and phosphate (in nucleotides) gave serious peak tailing, attributed to interactions with metals in the stationary phase or the chromatographic hardware. These undesirable effects can be moderated by including complexing agents in the mobile phase, by changing the stationary phase chemistry, or by altering the mobile phase pH.

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“…Although the potentially harmful character of the viscous fingering effect in chromatography was recognized in the early literature on size exclusion chromatography in which highly viscous polymeric samples are injected (see Introduction of Ref. [15] for a historical review of this recognition), it is more recently, in the two last decades, that this effect was considered for analytical chromatographic separations of relatively small molecular components [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a strong sample solvent on analyte dispersion in chromatographic columns

Mishra

Rana

Wit

et al. 2013

Journal of Chromatography A

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a b s t r a c tIn chromatographic columns, when the eluting strength of the sample solvent is larger than that of the carrier liquid, a deformation of the analyte zone occurs because its frontal part moves at a relatively high velocity due to a low retention factor in the sample solvent while the rear part of the analyte zone is more retained in the carrier liquid and hence moves at a lower velocity. The influence of this solvent strength effect on the separation of analytes is studied here theoretically using a mass balance model describing the spatio-temporal evolution of the eluent, the sample solvent and the analyte. The viscosity of the sample solvent and carrier fluid is supposed to be the same (i.e. no viscous fingering effects are taken into account). A linear isotherm adsorption with a retention factor depending upon the local concentration of the liquid phase is considered. The governing equations are numerically solved by using a Fourier spectral method and parametric studies are performed to analyze the effect of various governing parameters on the dispersion and skewness of the analyte zone. The distortion of this zone is found to depend strongly on the difference in eluting strength between the mobile phase and the sample solvent as well as on the sample volume.

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Peak distortion in reversed-phase liquid chromatography as a consequence of viscosity differences between sample solvent and mobile phase

Cited by 52 publications

References 15 publications

Miscible viscous fingering with linear adsorption on the porous matrix

Miscible viscous fingering with linear adsorption on the porous matrix

Some factors that can lead to poor peak shape in hydrophilic interaction chromatography, and possibilities for their remediation

Influence of a strong sample solvent on analyte dispersion in chromatographic columns

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