Peach Orchard Systems

Fruit, yield, and vegetative growth responses to photosynthetically active radiation during oil synthesis in olive trees

“…In apple, fruit bud number increased with PAR up to a threshold of 37% of full sunlight the season after shade treatments were applied (Jackson, 1980). On the other hand, a 23% threshold was determined for fruit density in peach (Marini and Corelli-Grappadelli, 2006;Mirás-Avalos et al, 2011). In olive, pioneering studies showed that trees shaded (15% transmittance PAR) for 10 months prior to flowering had eight times less inflorescences per node and three times less fruits per inflorescence compared to unshaded plants (Tombesi and Cartechini, 1986;Tombesi and Standardi, 1977).…”

Responses of olive tree yield determinants and components to shading during potentially critical phenological phases

“…Fruit tree yield potential per hectare increases with planting density in the low to intermediate range due to the greater interception of solar radiation by the orchard (e.g., Wünsche and Lakso, 2000;Villalobos et al, 2006). However, yield becomes limited when PAR interception exceeds around 50% at greater planting densities because shading of flowering and fruit positions by neighboring trees can result in lower fruit number, smaller fruits, and poorer fruit quality (e.g., Jackson and Palmer, 1977;Ferree et al, 2001;Marini and Corelli-Grappadelli, 2006).…”

“…Along with fruit load, the radiation environment in fruit tree orchards during a given season often affects the intensity of return bloom the following season (e.g., Jackson and Palmer, 1977;Marini and Corelli-Grappadelli, 2006). A pioneering study in olive found that 10 months of severe shading before flowering reduced the return bloom considerably (Tombesi and Standardi, 1977).…”

Branch Numbers and Crop Load Combination Effects on Production and Fruit Quality of Flat Peach Cultivars (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) Trained as Catalonian Vase

“…The different training systems adopted worldwide for peach ( Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) cultivation have different productive potentials depending on the cultivation conditions and the cultivation systems adopted. To better understand the different factors controlling tree performances and fruit quality, a great number of experiments have been performed since 1950 [ 1 ]. Environmental, genetic, and agronomic parameters are the main factors responsible for the variation in plant yield and fruit characteristics in fruit species, including peach.…”