Peacekeeping, Peacemaking and Peace-Enforcement: The U.S. Role in the New International Order

Snow, Donald M.

doi:10.21236/ada266687

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On the other hand, Boutros-Ghali, the UN’s Secretary General at the time, used “peace enforcement” to “refer to actions to keep a cease-fire from being violated or to reinstate a failed cease-fire.” Snow emphasizes that “unlike peacekeepers, peace enforcers are often not welcomed by one or either side(s). Rather, they are active fighters who must impose a cease-fire that is opposed by one or both combatants; in the process, the neutrality that distinguishes peacekeepers will most likely be lost.” 17 As Hempson wrote, “The United Nations was forced to expand its understanding of what peacekeeping entailed to include long-term conflict resolution. Peacekeeping quickly evolved from a limited role of symbolic deterrence primarily charged with monitoring an existing cease-fire to an active one that involved in-depth conflict resolution and peace enforcement.…”

Section: End Of the Cold Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

United Nations Charter, Chapter VII, Article 43: Now or Never

Burkle

2018

Disaster med. public health prep.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

For more than 75 years, the United Nations Charter has functioned without the benefit of Chapter VII, Article 43, which commits all United Nations member states "to make available to the Security Council, on its call, armed forces, assistance, facilities, including rights of passage necessary for the purpose of maintaining international peace and security." The consequences imposed by this 1945 decision have had a dramatic negative impact on the United Nation's functional capacity as a global body for peace and security. This article summarizes the struggle to implement Article 43 over the decades from the onset of the Cold War, through diplomatic attempts during the post-Cold War era, to current and often controversial attempts to provide some semblance of conflict containment through peace enforcement missions. The rapid growth of globalization and the capability of many nations to provide democratic protections to their populations are again threatened by superpower hegemony and the development of novel unconventional global threats. The survival of the United Nations requires many long overdue organizational structure and governance power reforms, including implementation of a robust United Nations Standing Task Force under Article 43. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;page 1 of 8).

show abstract

Section: End Of the Cold Warmentioning

confidence: 99%

United Nations Charter, Chapter VII, Article 43: Now or Never

Burkle

2018

Disaster med. public health prep.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Yet, when the United States or the United Nations intervened in Panama, Haiti, Colombia, Western Sahara, Sierra Leone, Rwanda, Somalia, Bosnia, Kosovo, Kuwait, Cambodia, and East Timor during the post‐Cold War transition, it was more to restore order rather than the balance of power (Barnett 2004). This profound change in motivation helped explain why, in an era when power in the international system was heavily concentrated with the United States and its allies, so many of these peace and stabilization missions turned out to be aborted or frustratingly protracted affairs (Snow 1993; Thakur and Schnabel 2001). With the actors, instruments, and goals all undergoing rapid change, the system was not operating in its customary way.…”

Section: Changing Priorities and Post‐cold War Irmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unipolarity, Globalization, and the War on Terror: Why Security Studies Should Refocus on Comparative Defense

Coletta

2007

Int Studies Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in the international environment such as the shift toward unipolarity, the rise of globalization, and the expansion of terrorist networks have redefined the sorts of problems confronted by policymakers and military practitioners in the arena of national security. With most of its fundamental concepts and frameworks rooted in the study of international relations (IR), the field of security studies has failed to keep up. Highly educated soldiers and diplomats sent to help rebuild failed or fragmented states are still poorly equipped to identify major obstacles or formulate solutions for accomplishing their missions. The safety of states and societies today depends less exclusively on blocking the military, economic, and ideological initiatives of a foreign power and more on supporting the integrity of members that can participate in an international system regulated by generally agreed‐upon rules and conventions. The need to help various types of states under a variety of cultural and economic conditions build legitimate, durable political institutions and functioning societies should push security studies toward a broader examination of comparative politics. Beyond the balance of power and modalities of interstate competition, the new security studies should embrace fundamentals found outside of IR to make more robust intellectual contributions to the examination of comparative defense.

show abstract

The helmets may be blue, but the blood's still red: The dilemma of U.S. participation in UN peace operations

Warrington¹

1995

Comparative Strategy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number.

show abstract

Peacekeeping, Peacemaking and Peace-Enforcement: The U.S. Role in the New International Order

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

United Nations Charter, Chapter VII, Article 43: Now or Never

United Nations Charter, Chapter VII, Article 43: Now or Never

Unipolarity, Globalization, and the War on Terror: Why Security Studies Should Refocus on Comparative Defense

The helmets may be blue, but the blood's still red: The dilemma of U.S. participation in UN peace operations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About