PD1 ⁺ Tumor Associated Macrophages Predict Poor Prognosis of Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

Aim: Tumor associated macrophages are the most abundant cancer immune cells. However, little was known about the identity of CD68+PD1+ macrophages as well as the contributions in the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods & methods: Immunofluorescence, flowcytometry and RT-PCR were used to analysis PD1+ macrophages in ESCC. Results: CD68+PD1+ macrophages which can express higher M2 markers in cancer tissues, increased about 4.2-times compared with para-cancer tissues. Additionally, PD1high macrophages were significantly correlated with more malignant phenotypes and poor prognosis. PD1 treatment can enhance phagocytosis of cultured macrophages and redirect this macrophage to M1-like phenotype. Conclusion: Thus, our findings overall indicate that CD68+PD1+ macrophages are tumor associated macrophagess in ESCC, which can forecast the prognosis of ESCC.

An Extracellular Matrix-Based Signature Associated With Immune Microenvironment Predicts the Prognosis and Therapeutic Responses of Patients With Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

“…In addition, this gene promotes proinflammatory responses in macrophages by modulating the P38 MAPK signalling pathway (Qian et al, 2016). Previous studies have shown that tumourassociated macrophages play an important role in the progression and metastasis of ESCC (Wang et al, 2017;Lu et al, 2019). For instance, X. Jia's group found that CCL2 in ESCC prompts the recruitment of tumour-associated macrophages and induces immune escape through PD-1 signalling (Yang et al, 2020).…”

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting PD-L1 suppress tumor growth

“…PD-L1 is widely expressed in various solid tumors [24][25][26]. Its expression is influenced by IFN-γ and is correlated with poor prognosis [27,28]. Antibody-based checkpoint blockade targeting PD-L1 or its receptor PD-1 has revolutionized the clinical management of multiple cancers [29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Retrospective Analysis of Adoptive TIL Therapy plus Anti-PD1 Therapy in Patients with Chemotherapy-Resistant Metastatic Osteosarcoma

“…The cultured TIL phenotypes after culture were characterized using flow cytometry with anti-CD3 (Cat#: 555339, 1.5 μ L/10 6 cells), anti-CD4 (Cat#: 557871, 2 μ L/10 6 cells), anti-CD8 (Cat#: 563823, 2 μ L/10 6 cells), anti-CD56 (Cat#: 56275, 3 μ L/10 6 cells), and anti-PD1 (Cat#: 561272, 5 μ L/10 6 cells) for 30 minutes on ice in the dark [ 35 , 37 ]. Thereafter, the cells were washed once with PBS and resuspended in 400 μ L PBS.…”