Pd-loaded In₂O₃ nanowire-like network synthesized using carbon nanotube templates for enhancing NO₂ sensing performance

Abstract

Pd-loaded In 2 O 3 nanowire (NW)-like networks were synthesized via electroless plating using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as templates, followed by oxidation and removal of the CNTs at 550 C. Palladium (Pd) was introduced to activate the surface of the CNTs for subsequent plating. Before calcination, Pd was loaded onto In 2 O 3 . The as-synthesized Pd-loaded In 2 O 3 replicated the structure of the CNTs, forming a porous NW-like network with a very large specific surface area. Furthermore, the NO 2 gas sensing properties of the Pd-loaded In 2 O 3 NW-like network, porous Pd-In 2 O 3 and porous unloaded-In 2 O 3 were investigated. The results demonstrated that the Pd-In 2 O 3 NW-like network exhibits superior sensitivity with short response and recovery times, and demonstrates a significant response when exposed to NO 2 at concentrations as low as 5 ppm at a temperature of 110 C. A synergy of electric and chemical effects has been proposed to explain the gas sensing enhancement.www.rsc.org/advances 30038 | RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 30038-30045This journal is

Novel Nanofluidic Cells Based on Nanowires and Nanotubes for Advanced Chemical and Bio-Sensing Applications

“…Noble metals and metal oxides have been demonstrated to modified the NWs or NTs to further improve the sensing performance. Pd-loaded In 2 O 3 NW-like networks with excellent NO 2 gas sensitivity was synthesized by Huang et al using CNTs templates [ 90 ]. As shown in Figure 7 c,d, Pd–In 2 O 3 NW-like network sensors have significantly higher response (Ra/Rg = 27), shorter response and recovery times (9 s and 28 s, respectively) to 5 ppm NO 2 at 110 °C.…”

Effect of the Functionalization of Porous Silicon/WO3 Nanorods with Pd Nanoparticles and Their Enhanced NO2-Sensing Performance at Room Temperature

“…However, resistive-type MOS gas sensors are generally poor selectively to many gases because many gas species may cause simultaneous resistance changes, making it impossible to properly identify the gas with a single sensor [ 12 ]. Several approaches, such as structure manipulation, decoration of noble metals (including Au, Pt, and Pd [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]), and heterostructure formation have been reported by several researchers to improve the selectivity of MOS gas sensors [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Among these approaches, noble metal nanoparticle (NP) decoration is promising in gas-sensing enhancement.…”

Facile synthesis and gas-sensing performance of Sr- or Fe-doped In2O3 hollow sub-microspheres

“…24 Zhang and coworkers 25 have demonstrated a single In 2 O 3 nanowire transistor to work as a chemical sensor for detecting of NO 2 and NH 3 at room temperature. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Generally, the doped or loaded components can act as catalysts or sensitizers for sensing reaction, thus providing improved sensing performances. 26 Based on In 2 O 3 truncated octahedron, Hu et al fabricated a gas sensor for detecting formaldehyde.…”

“…Recently, from gas-liquid chemical deposition-synthesized In 2 S 3 nanoparticles, In 2 O 3 nanoparticles are prepared by an following annealing route, which show excellent gas sensing performances for acetone detection. 35 Zhang et al prepared RE (RE ¼ La, Er, Yb) doped In 2 O 3 hollow spheres, which show enhanced alcoholsensing properties. 27 Besides pure In 2 O 3 materials, In 2 O 3 -based composites through doping or loading by a secondary component are also investigated for gas sensing.…”