PD-L1 Expression in High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Is Influenced by Intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) Therapy
Moritz Maas,
Andreas Hilsendecker,
Alexandra Pertoll
et al.
Abstract:In the expanding landscape of immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) in high-risk (HR) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), the role of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) as prognostic and predictive is increasingly significant. However, data evaluating its variability and susceptibility to Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) therapy in HR NMIBC patients is scarce. This retrospective study analyzed 126 HR NMIBC tissue samples from 63 patients (38× BCG-treated, 25× BCG-naïve) at two time points to assess PD-L1 exp… Show more
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