PD-L1 expression guidance on sintilimab versus pembrolizumab with or without platinum-doublet chemotherapy in untreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (CTONG1901): A phase 2, randomized, controlled trial

Maggie Liu, Si-Yang; Huang, Jie; Deng, Jia-Yi; Xu, Chong-Rui; Yan, Hong-Hong; Yang, Ming-Yi; Li, Yang-Si; Ke, E-E; Zheng, Ming-Ying; Wang, Zhen; Lin, Jia-Xin; Gan, Bin; Zhang, Xu-Chao; Chen, Hua-Jun; Wang, Bin-Chao; Tu, Hai-Yan; Yang, Jin-Ji; Zhong, Wen-Zhao; Li, Yangqiu; Zhou, Qing; Wu, Yi-Long

doi:10.1016/j.scib.2023.12.046

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…However, we observed higher PFS and OS than was reported in previously published clinical trials ( Table 3 ). A possible reason for this discrepancy is the larger sample size and higher PD-L1 expression levels in this study, which possibly affected long-term survival outcomes ( Maggie Liu et al, 2023 ). For example, among the patients who underwent PD-L1 testing before first-line PD-1 treatment, 76.2% (192/252) in the pembrolizumab group and 69.2% (36/52) in the nivolumab group showed PD-L1 expression ≥1%, higher than the proportions reported in previous clinical trials ( Paz-Ares et al, 2018 ; Yang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Comparative efficacy of six programmed cell death Protein-1 inhibitors as first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Chen,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the comparative efficacy of six programmed cell death-1 inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, sintilimab, tislelizumab, toripalimab, and camrelizumab) that have been used as first-line therapy for Chinese patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which remains unclear. We determined the differences in efficacy by observing patient survival data, with the goal of informing future treatment options. Retrospective data analysis from June 2015 to April 2023 included 913 patients across six groups: nivolumab (123%, 13.5%), pembrolizumab (421%, 46.1%), sintilimab (239%, 26.1%), tislelizumab (64%, 7.0%), toripalimab (39%, 4.3%), and camrelizumab (27%, 3.0%). The median progression-free survival (PFS) for each group was 16.0, 16.1, 18.4, 16.9, 23.7, and 12.8 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 33.7, 36.1, 32.5, not reached, 30.9 and 46.0 months for the nivolumab, sintilimab, pembrolizumab, tislelizumab, toripalimab, and camrelizumab groups, respectively. While differences existed in the objective response rates among groups (p < 0.05), there were no significant differences (all p > 0.05) in PFS or OS. The findings suggest comparable efficacy among these PD-1 inhibitors for NSCLC treatment, underscoring their collective suitability and aiding treatment decisions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Comparative efficacy of six programmed cell death Protein-1 inhibitors as first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Chen,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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WITHDRAWN: AID-SLR: A Generative Artificial Intelligence-Driven Automated System for Systematic Literature Review

Lee,

Datta,

Paek

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Systematic literature reviews (SLRs) are crucial for generating research evidence, supporting clinical decisions, advancing scientific knowledge, and informing policymaking. Despite their importance, manual SLRs are time-consuming, costly, and prone to errors. The increasing volume of published data and the complexity of clinical trials necessitate more efficient approaches. We present an automated SLR system using large language models (LLMs), designed to streamline the entire SLR process from initial query to data extraction, and customizable for various study fields. We developed an LLM-assisted SLR system, AID-SLR, accompanied by a user interface (UI) comprising 6 modules 1) Query, 2) Inclusion/Exclusion (I/E) criteria, 3) Abstract screening, 4) Full-text screening, 5) Data extraction, and 6) Data summary. The LLM model was utilized for abstract screening, full-text screening, and data extraction and its performance was evaluated using precision, recall, and F1 scores. We selected a non-small cell lung cancer use case to evaluate the system’s performance. We additionally compared the performance of GPT-4 and GPT-4o models, focusing on data extraction across different categories. A qualitative evaluation was conducted to assess common error types and the reliability of extracted information. AID-SLR is user-centric, allowing users to specify study criteria and provide additional information and feedback. The LLM prompts are generalizable and automatically incorporate the user-entered details and instructions on the UI, such as domain-specific guidelines, thereby enabling easy adoption of the system to different study and disease areas. AID-SLR effectively screens relevant studies and extracts data elements. The system demonstrated high precision, recall, and F1 scores in screening both Irrelevant (1, 0.9286, and 0.9630, respectively) and Relevant (0.9737, 1, and 0.9867, respectively) articles, with an overall accuracy of 98.04%. Data extraction was granular with promising performance, successfully identifying a wide range of treatment-related outcomes and statistical values. For data extraction, GPT-4o outperformed GPT-4, achieving higher precision (0.9984 vs. 0.9819), recall (0.9989 vs. 0.9519), and F1-score (0.9987 vs. 0.9651). GPT-4o also exhibited superior performance in cohort identification and value extraction, with fewer errors and more accurate capture of study design and demographic information. Our LLM system and UI provided a seamless end-to-end solution for automated SLRs. This automated SLR system can contribute to reducing the time, cost, and human errors associated with traditional manual SLRs. Integrating this model with other AI tools for comprehensive data analysis could further enhance its utility in SLRs.

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Patterns of failure and the subsequent treatment after progression on first-line immunotherapy monotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study

Deng,

Yang,

Yang

et al. 2024

BMC Cancer

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PD-L1 expression guidance on sintilimab versus pembrolizumab with or without platinum-doublet chemotherapy in untreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (CTONG1901): A phase 2, randomized, controlled trial

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Comparative efficacy of six programmed cell death Protein-1 inhibitors as first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Comparative efficacy of six programmed cell death Protein-1 inhibitors as first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

WITHDRAWN: AID-SLR: A Generative Artificial Intelligence-Driven Automated System for Systematic Literature Review

Patterns of failure and the subsequent treatment after progression on first-line immunotherapy monotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study

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