Pd(0) NPs: a novel and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of bis(heterocyclyl)methanes in water

Abstract

A ligand free, Pd-nanoparticle catalyzed synthesis of bis(heterocyclyl)methane derivatives is described herein. The advantages of this method lie in its simplicity, cost effectiveness and environmentally friendliness. The process is very green, as water is exploited as the reaction medium.

Palladium (0) Nanoparticles: A Novel and Reusable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Various Pyran Derivatives

“…As a part of our ongoing interest in the synthesis of biologically relevant heterocyclic compound, [19,20] we had the opportunity to further explore its catalytic activity toward the synthesis of pyran derivatives. Recently it has been proved that Pd (0) nanoparticles as catalyst offer great opportunities for a wide range of application in organic synthesis such as Heck reaction, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling, hydrogenation of olefins and Hiyama crosscoupling.…”

Simple and efficient synthesis of 2,2′-arylmethylenebis(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one) derivatives

“…under different conditions (Scheme 2). Several synthetic methods have been reported for the synthesis in the literature applying different types of catalysts such as l-histidine in ionic liquid [12], silica-diphenic acid [13], Pd(0) nanoparticles in water [14], Ni(0) nanoparticles anchored on acid-activated montmorillonite [15], urea under ultrasound irradiation [16], Cu(0) nanoparticles on silica [17], immobilized Ni-Zn-Fe layered double hydroxide [18], and Yb(OTf) 3 -SiO 2 [19].…”

Novel heterogeneous catalyst systems based on Pd(0) nanoparticles onto amine functionalized silica-cellulose substrates [Pd(0)-EDA/SCs]: Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity toward C–C and C–S coupling reactions in water under limiting basic conditions

“…Further, the synthesis of biologically important bis(heterocyclyl)methanes via C-C bond formation is also an important application of Pd NPs [16,17]. Apart from C-C couplings, the formation of C-S bond for the synthesis of thioethers is also of utmost importance and is a key step in the synthesis of many organic molecules [18].…”

“…Apart from C-C couplings, the formation of C-S bond for the synthesis of thioethers is also of utmost importance and is a key step in the synthesis of many organic molecules [18]. Majority of the developed protocols for the C-C and C-S bond formations genarally requires 2 or more equivalents of base [17,19,20]. In addition to this, the synthesis of thioethers involves the use of foul-smelling thiols, longer reaction times and harsh reaction conditions [1].…”