PCBs in U.K. Urban Air

Halsall, Crispin J.; Lee, Robert G. M.; Coleman, Peter J.; Burnett, V.; Harding-Jones, Peter.; Jones, Kevin C.

doi:10.1021/es00009a032

Cited by 145 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The reason can be attributed to the significant dependence of PCBs on temperature (negative, R = 0.57, P = 0.05) (Fig. 3), resulting in elevated volatilization of PCBs during warm summer days (Halsall et al, 1995). Table 1 PCDD/F concentrations, but not for PCB congeners (P = 0.32).…”

Section: à3mentioning

confidence: 98%

Atmospheric distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls around a steel plant Area, Northeast China

Wang

Ding

et al. 2010

Chemosphere

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), contributing to 3.6-26% of the total TEQ. Higher PCDD/F concentrations were observed in the winter, whereas higher dioxin-like PCB concentrations were found in the summer. The seasonal trend can be related to the significant correlation between the concentrations of dioxins and the reciprocal of temperature (positive for PCDD/Fs, P < 0.01; negative for dioxin-like PCBs, P = 0.05). A significant positive correlation (P < 0.0001) was found between the concentration of total suspended particulate (TSP) and PCDD/F concentrations, but not for PCB congeners. Although the steel plant sites showed higher dioxin levels than the residential and background areas, the PCDD/F levels in the atmosphere of the steel plant area was at a relatively low level. The results from this study provides further aid in evaluating the impact of steel plants as PCDD/Fs emission sources to the ambient air in China.Crown

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Section: à3mentioning

confidence: 98%

Atmospheric distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls around a steel plant Area, Northeast China

Wang

Ding

et al. 2010

Chemosphere

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“…To better understand the atmospheric PCBs levels in Tianjin, comparison were conducted with others as shown in Table 1. In generally, the PCBs levels of Tianjin were lower than European cities (Halsall et al, 1995;Mandalakis et al, 2002;Manodori et al, 2006;Menichini et al, 2007), American cities (Brunciak et al, 2001) and some industrial areas (Cetin et al, 2007;Mari et al, 2008), while higher than Asian and African urban and rural areas (Yeo et al, 2003;Batterman et al, 2009;Syed et al, 2013) as well as background and forest areas (Oehme et al, 1996;Horstmann and Mclachlan, 1998;Menichini et al, 2007;Li et al, 2012b). These results reflected the different commercial PCBs application, emission intensity of the local sources, temperature and humidity among different regions.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Regions In the Worldmentioning

confidence: 86%

Seasonal Variation and Gas/Particle Partitioning of PCBs in Air from Central Urban Area of an Industrial Base and Coastal City -Tianjin, China

Zhang

Chen

2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The 26 air samples were collected from Tianjin urban areas from July 2010 to May 2011 for the analysis of 86 PCB congeners to investigate the gas/particle partitioning of PCBs. The total PCBs concentration (in pg/m 3 ) ranged from 31.28 to 650.33 (mean: 273.77) and showed a significantly seasonal variation as summer > autumn > spring > winter. Gas PCBs accounted for 80.79% of total PCBs. The fraction of each gas PCB homolog increased with the decreasing chlorine atoms. The contribution of gas PCBs to total PCBs showed a strong seasonal variation with summer (94.07%) > autumn (78.91%) > spring (78.19%) > winter (56.02%). Tri-, tetra-and penta-PCBs were the predominantly homologs in Tianjin atmosphere. The natural logarithm of partial pressure of PCBs were well correlated with the inverse absolute environmental temperature (R = 0.79). The steep slope of -4933.64 obtained from Clausius-Clapeyron (C.C) plot indicated the influence of local PCBs sources. In generally, the C.C slopes and the surface-air exchange enthalpy (∆H SA ) for different PCB homologs increased with the increasing chlorine atoms. The fraction of particle bound PCBs were underestimated for PCBs with P L 0 > 10 -3.85 Pa and overestimated for PCB congeners with P L 0 < 10 -3.85 Pa by Junge-Pankow model. The logarithm of particle/gas partitioning coefficients (log K P ) of PCBs were well correlated with the logarithm of respective sub-cooled vapor pressures (log P L 0 ) (R = 0.72) and the octanol-air partition coefficient (log K OA ) (R = 0.77). The slopes for log K P against log P L 0 and log K OA plots were -0.44 and 0.48, deviated significantly from the expected -1 and +1 for the equilibrium state of gas/particle partitioning, possibly explained by the emission of PCBs and particles from the local industries and other sources. The TEQ concentrations (fg/m 3 ) for 12 dioxin-like PCB congeners ranged from 35.628 to 612.796 with the mean value as 144.878.

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“…Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are typical persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which are highly toxic and bioaccumulative in the environment (Halsall et al 1995;Wang et al 2008) and their persistence in the environment has been a growing concern. PCBs have been shown to have toxic effects on various organs including tissues of the nervous, reproductive, and immunologic systems (Buck et al 2000;Hennig et al 2002;Tan et al 2003Tan et al , 2004Bemis and Seegal 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels and potential health hazards of PCBs in shallow groundwater of an e-waste recycling area, China

Zhu

Luo

et al. 2015

Environ Earth Sci

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The improper disassembly of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-containing equipments such as capacitor and electrical transformer can lead to PCB pollution. To investigate the levels and patterns of PCBs in shallow groundwater in regions where PCB-containing equipment is disassembled, 19 shallow groundwater samples were collected from a recycling area for waste capacitors and electrical transformers in southeastern China. The R21 PCBs in shallow groundwater had a large variation ranging from 6.22 to 97.3 ng L -1 , with a mean of 31.6 ng L -1 and low chlorinated PCBs (3-5 chlorinated biphenyls) were predominant homologs in majority groundwater samples. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) toxic equivalents of 6 shallow groundwater samples with detectable dioxin-like PCBs varied greatly from 0.29 to 650 pg L -1 , and all of them posing serious cancer risk ([1 9 10 -6 ) to children and adults. Much attention should be paid to the vertical migration of low chlorinated PCBs and the cancer risk of dioxin-like PCBs in the study area and similar e-waste recycling areas.

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PCBs in U.K. Urban Air

Cited by 145 publications

References 25 publications

Atmospheric distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls around a steel plant Area, Northeast China

Atmospheric distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls around a steel plant Area, Northeast China

Seasonal Variation and Gas/Particle Partitioning of PCBs in Air from Central Urban Area of an Industrial Base and Coastal City -Tianjin, China

Levels and potential health hazards of PCBs in shallow groundwater of an e-waste recycling area, China

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