PCBs and measures of attention and impulsivity on a continuous performance task of young adults

Behforooz, Bita; Newman, Joan; Gallo, Mia V.; Schell, Lawrence M.

doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2017.08.004

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Finally, Sagiv and colleagues also linked gestational PCB exposure with ADHD-like symptomatology in children, although this seems to be more strongly associated with attentional traits than the inhibitory control dimension, particularly in boys (Sagiv et al, 2010, 2012). Similar results were found in a recent study conducted by Behforooz et al (2017). The results of this study revealed a positive correlation between PCB exposure rates and altered attention in young male adults, with no significant effects regarding impulsive domains (Conner's CPT-II), like other previous studies (Ethier et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In human studies, a total of 14 studies analyzed impulsive outcomes in relation to different PCB congeners, 1 (7%) of them was labeled as high (Ethier et al, 2015) and the remaining 13 (93%) as medium-high (Jacobson and Jacobson, 2003; Stewart et al, 2003, 2005, 2006; Vreugdenhil et al, 2004; Plusquellec et al, 2010; Sagiv et al, 2010, 2012; Boucher et al, 2012a,b; Verner et al, 2015; Behforooz et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Systematic Review on the Influences of Neurotoxicological Xenobiotic Compounds on Inhibitory Control

Pérez-Fernández

Flores

Sánchez-Santed

2019

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Background: Impulsive and compulsive traits represent a variety of maladaptive behaviors defined by the difficulties to stop an improper response and the control of a repeated behavioral pattern without sensitivity to changing contingencies, respectively. Otherwise, human beings are continuously exposed to plenty neurotoxicological agents which have been systematically linked to attentional, learning, and memory dysfunctions, both preclinical and clinical studies. Interestingly, the link between both impulsive and compulsive behaviors and the exposure to the most important xenobiotic compounds have been extensively developed; although the information has been rarely summarized. For this, the present systematic review schedule and analyze in depth the most important works relating different subtypes of the above-mentioned behaviors with 4 of the most important xenobiotic compounds: Lead (Pb), Methylmercury (MeHg), Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), and Organophosphates (OP) in both preclinical and clinical models. Methods: Systematic search strategy on PubMed databases was developed, and the most important information was structured both in text and in separate tables based on rigorous methodological quality assessment. Results: For Lead, Methylmercury, Polychlorinated biphenyls and organophosphates, a total of 44 (31 preclinical), 34 (21), 38 (23), and 30 (17) studies were accepted for systematic synthesis, respectively. All the compounds showed an important empirical support on their role in the modulation of impulsive and, in lesser degree, compulsive traits, stronger and more solid in animal models with inconclusive results in humans in some cases (i.e., MeHg). However, preclinical and clinical studies have systematically focused on different subtypes of the above-mentioned behaviors, as well as impulsive choice or habit conformations have been rarely studied. Discussion: The strong empirical support in preclinical studies contrasts with the lack of connection between preclinical and clinical models, as well as the different methodologies used. Further research should be focused on dissipate these differences as well as deeply study impulsive choice, decision making, risk taking, and cognitive flexibility, both in experimental animals and humans.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review on the Influences of Neurotoxicological Xenobiotic Compounds on Inhibitory Control

Pérez-Fernández

Flores

Sánchez-Santed

2019

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…For example, PCBs have been associated with altered methylation of genes involved in autism spectrum disorder (Mitchell et al, 2012; Dunaway et al, 2016). Epidemiologic studies have also reported on PCB exposures and reduced attention and impulsivity (Behforooz et al, 2017; Rosenquist et al, 2017b), as well as mood disorders in adults (Gaum et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and risk behaviors in adolescence

Dickerson

Ransome

Karlsson

2019

Environment International

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are chemicals used in a variety of products before they were widely banned due to toxic effects in humans and wildlife. Because of continued persistence and ubiquity of these contaminants, risk of exposure to people living in industrialized countries is still high. Experimental research show that developmental exposure to PCB may alter function of brain pleasure centers and potentially influence disinhibitory behaviors, including tobacco and alcohol use. Yet, the potential effects of developmental PCB exposure on adolescent substance use have not been studied in humans. We used the Child Health and Development Studies (CHDS), a prospective birth cohort study in the Oakland and East Bay areas of California, to investigate associations between prenatal exposure to PCB congeners (66, 74, 99, 118, 138, 153, 170, 180, 187, and 203) and later disinhibitory behaviors in adolescents, specifically alcohol consumption and smoking, in a randomly selected sample( n = 554). Total prenatal PCB exposure was not associated with disinhibitory behaviors, among adolescents. However, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for being a current smoker, was higher in subjects within the third quartile of maternal PCB 66 exposure compared to those below the median (aOR = 1.93; 95% CI 1.05, 3.55). The aOR for drinking > 2 alcoholic beverages per week, were also higher for adolescents within the third (aOR = 1.46; 95% CI 0.86, 2.47) and fourth quartile of PCB 66 exposure (aOR = 1.39; 95% CI 0.83, 2.35), but the differences did not reach statistical significance. These results suggest that this specific PCB congener may play a role inducing neurodevelopmental alterations that could potentially increase the risk of becoming a long-term user of tobacco and possibly alcohol. There were no notable differences between magnitude or direction of effect between boys and girls. Future replicate analyses with larger longitudinal samples and animal experimental studies of potential underlying mechanisms are warranted.

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“…PCBs and their metabolites are known to efficiently transfer from maternal to foetal blood via the placenta ( 268 , 269 ) and to nursing children via milk ( 270 , 271 ). Prenatal PCB exposure in human has been associated with increased risk of a number of TH-related disorders including, high BMI ( 272 ), IQ loss ( 273 , 274 , 275 ), cognitive defects ( 23 , 273 , 276 , 277 , 278 ), reduced visual recognition memory ( 274 ), attention and motor deficits ( 276 , 279 , 280 , 281 ), increased risk of autism ( 282 , 283 ) and ADHD ( 273 , 284 , 285 ). In PCB-exposed adults, an increased risk of cardiovascular disease has been reported ( 286 ), as has a slightly increased risk of thyroid autoimmunity in men ( 287 , 288 ).…”

Section: Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Pcbs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid-disrupting chemicals and brain development: an update

Mughal

Fini

Demeneix

2018

Endocrine Connections

130

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This review covers recent findings on the main categories of thyroid hormone–disrupting chemicals and their effects on brain development. We draw mostly on epidemiological and experimental data published in the last decade. For each chemical class considered, we deal with not only the thyroid hormone–disrupting effects but also briefly mention the main mechanisms by which the same chemicals could modify estrogen and/or androgen signalling, thereby exacerbating adverse effects on endocrine-dependent developmental programmes. Further, we emphasize recent data showing how maternal thyroid hormone signalling during early pregnancy affects not only offspring IQ, but also neurodevelopmental disease risk. These recent findings add to established knowledge on the crucial importance of iodine and thyroid hormone for optimal brain development. We propose that prenatal exposure to mixtures of thyroid hormone–disrupting chemicals provides a plausible biological mechanism contributing to current increases in the incidence of neurodevelopmental disease and IQ loss.

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PCBs and measures of attention and impulsivity on a continuous performance task of young adults

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

A Systematic Review on the Influences of Neurotoxicological Xenobiotic Compounds on Inhibitory Control

A Systematic Review on the Influences of Neurotoxicological Xenobiotic Compounds on Inhibitory Control

Human prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and risk behaviors in adolescence

Thyroid-disrupting chemicals and brain development: an update

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