PCB's and their environmental effects

Peakall, David B.; Risebrough, Robert W.

doi:10.1080/10643387509381632

Cited by 72 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 170 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In some such studies, changes in shell thickness were also correlated with increased egg breakage and reduced hatchability of intact eggs. The lack of an effect on shell thickness of various commercial PCB mixtures was a general conclusion of studies on American kestrels (Lincer 1972) and several non-raptor species (Heath, Spann & Kreitzer 1969Dahlgren & Linder 1970;Peakall 1971Peakall , 1975, though in some studies an interaction between PCB and DDE was implied (Lincer 1972;Risebrough & Anderson 1975). The failure of HEOD to effect shell-thinning in non-raptor species was shown by Peakall (1970) and Dahlgren & Linder (1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Role of Different Organo-Chlorine Compounds in the Breeding of British Sparrowhawks

Newton¹,

Bogan²

1978

The Journal of Applied Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In British sparrowhawks, organo-chlorine levels and shell thickness indices varied little between eggs in the same clutch; but they varied greatly among clutches from the same (known) female in different years, and among clutches from the same territory in different years (female mostly unknown). The average tendency was for OC levels in eggs to increase between first year and older females. Within populations, OC's showed a skewed distribution, with a small proportion of clutches containing very high concentrations. (2) In contrast, shell indices were distributed 'normally' in the statistical sense. Among 315 clutches, the overall ratio of DDE:PCB was 1:0-53, and of DDE:HEOD it was 1:0-19. Comparing clutches, the levels of all these compounds were significantly correlated with one another. DDE concentration was significantly related to the extent of shell thinning among clutches, the extent of egg breakage, the extent of egg addling and the extent of hatching failure. PCB concentration was significantly related to the extent of egg addling and hatching failure. (3) No significant relationship could be shown between the levels of any OC examined and the date of first egg, the initial clutch size, the incidence of egg desertion and the extent of nestling mortality. (4) No relationship could be shown between HEOD concentration and any aspect of breeding examined, but the concentrations of HEOD were relatively low. (5) In only one of nine areas examined was there evidence for a decline in the levels of all three OCs during 1971-4, but in the overall sample there was evidence for a decline in PCB levels. (6) The regression of shell index on log DDE content in the sparrowhawk was similar to those found by other workers for Falco peregrinus, F. mexicanus and Pelecanus occidentalis.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Role of Different Organo-Chlorine Compounds in the Breeding of British Sparrowhawks

Newton¹,

Bogan²

1978

The Journal of Applied Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are chemically and physically stable compounds which have been released to the environment solely as a result of human activity. They have become ubiquitously distributed throughout the world and its biota within the past 20 years (8,9,14,15). Like many other halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, PCBs are toxic to eucaryotes, in some instances at concentrations not much above present environmental levels (5,6,13,14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on Growth and Respiration of Heterotrophic Marine Bacteria

Blakemore

Carey

1978

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A number of marine bacterial isolates from both near-shore and open-ocean environments were tested for growth inhibition with exposure to low concentrations (1 to 100 ,ug/liter) of Aroclor 1254, a commercial mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Of over 17 bacterial cultures tested, growth of only two openocean isolates, one a pseudomonad and the other a tetrad-forming coccus, was consistently inhibited by Aroclor at concentrations as low as 10 ,ug/liter (10 ppb). Growth inhibition was dose dependent over a concentration range of 10 to 100

show abstract

“…Finally, since decomposition of litter is predominately a microbial process, we examined the effect of detritusassociated microbiota on the kinetics of PCB accumulation in the litter. Most PCBs are not readily degraded by microbes (3, 56), exhibit acute and chronic toxicity to animals (24), and are biomagnified (1,39). Oligosubstituted PCBs ( one to two chlorines per molecule) are readily transformed by microorganisms (4,15,23,49,53), and some even serve as sole carbon sources (2,46).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%