PC: PS liposomes induce a recruitment of neutrophils and the release of TNFa in the lungs of mice sensitized with Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify the effect of nasally instilled liposomes (L) or dexamethasone-containing L (Ldexa) on normal or inflamed lung tissue. Three groups of mice were studied. Group I was given saline instillations for 3 weeks prior to the instillation with liposomes. In groups II and III lung inflammation was induced by repeated instillations of Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula before the instillation of liposomes (group II) or liposomes containing dexamethasone (group III). Animals from all groups were killed at regular time intervals for up to 48 h after the instillation of liposomes. The total cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid did not differ significantly between groups I and II. However, in group III it decreased rapidly from 6.2 to 2.8 x 10(5) cells mL-1 within 2 h. Differential counts did not change in group I, but in group II a transient neutrophilia was observed 180 min after the instillation of liposomes. In group III, the instillation of dexamethasone-containing liposomes depleted all neutrophils and lymphocytes after 4 h. No TNF alpha was found in samples of lavage fluid from any of the groups at time 0. In group I, liposomes induced the production of 0.03 ng mL-1 of TNF alpha in the 1 h sample only. In group II, TNF alpha peaked to 1 ng mL-1 at 1 h and had decreased to 0.35 ng mL-1 by 3 h. In group III, TNF alpha peaked at 1 h, but only reached a level of 0.1 ng mL-1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The In Vivo Effect of Liposomes on Hematopoiesis

“…This finding implies that the secretion of TNF-α in vivo was related to the content and/or origin of the phospholipids used in liposome preparation. Our results are in agreement with other reports that describe different effects of various phospholipids on TNF levels in mice treated with empty liposomes (9)(10)(11), demonstrating that TNF release varies widely with the lipid(s) used and suggesting that the type of phospholipid might be the important factor in inducing/depressing cytokine release. Due to the complexity of the interconnected cytokine network, it is highly likely that the levels of other cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-8, and colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), could also have been influenced.…”