PC index as a proxy of the solar wind energy that entered into the magnetosphere: 2. Relation to the interplanetary electric field E KL before substorm onset

Troshichev, O. A.; Sormakov, D. A.

doi:10.1186/s40623-015-0338-4

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The statement is based on the close relation between the solar wind merging electric field parameter (E M ) and PC index values as well as the association between PC index levels and various energy dissipation processes like auroral activity and building ring currents (Janzhura et al, 2007;Troshichev et al, 2011bTroshichev et al, , 2014Troshichev & Sormakov 2015, 2018; ISO/TR/23989, 2020). However, in these associations the occurrences of negative PC index cases are usually ignored and left out without further reasoning.…”

Section: Forward Vs Reverse Convection Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many reported investigations, the solar wind merging electric field, E M , (often named E KL ) at the front of the magnetosphere is considered to control the amount of solar wind energy that enters the magnetosphere. Thus, the polar cap indices, since they are scaled with respect to E M , are considered to represent the input of solar wind energy to the magnetosphere to power various geomagnetic disturbances such as polar magnetic variations, auroral activities, substorms, upper atmosphere heating, and the building of ring currents (e.g., Troshichev et al, 1988Troshichev et al, , 2000Troshichev et al, , 2011bTroshichev et al, , 2014Vennerstrøm et al, 1991;Troshichev & Lukianova, 2002;Janzhura et al, 2007;Troshichev & Sormakov, 2015, 2018. These investigations have been built on separate PCN or PCS indices or on their averages or on the summer/winter hemisphere PC index selections.…”

Section: The Pc Index As Indicator Of Solar Wind Energy Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Janzhura & Troshichev (2011) and Troshichev et al (2011a) used PCN indices in the AARI version while Troshichev et al (2011b) implemented local summer selections of either PCN or PCS. , , and Troshichev & Sormakov (2019) used both the summer and winter index selection while Troshichev & Sormakov (2015, 2018 used the average of PCN and PCS indices to represent PC index values in their work. In many calculations and illustrations presented in these publications, the index combination is just named "PC index" and not further specified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Polar Cap (PC) index combination, PCC: relations to solar wind properties and global magnetic disturbances

Stauning

2021

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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The non-negative Polar Cap PCC index built from PCN (North) and PCS (South) correlates considerably better with the solar wind merging electric field and is more representative for the total energy input from the solar wind to the magnetosphere and for the development of geomagnetic disturbances than either of the hemispheric indices. The present work shows that the ring current index, Dst, to a high degree of accuracy can be derived from a source function built on the PCC indices. The integration of the PCC-based source function throughout the interval from 1992 to 2018 without attachment to the real Dst indices based on low latitude magnetic observations has generated equivalent Dst values that correlate very well (R=0.86) with the real Dst index values, which are represented with a mean deviation less than 1 nT and an overall rms deviation less than 13 nT. The precise correlation between the real and equivalent Dst values have been used to correct the PCC indices for saturation effects at high intensity disturbance conditions where the Dst index may take values beyond -100 nT. The relations between PCC and the ring current indices, Dst and ASY-H have been used, in addition, to derive the precise timing between polar cap convection processes reflected in the polar cap indices and the formation of the partial and total ring current systems. Building the ring current is considered to represent the energy input from the solar wind, which also powers auroral disturbance processes such as substorms and upper atmosphere heating. Thus, the PCC indices measuring accurately the energy input from the solar wind are powerful tools for space weather monitoring and for solar-terrestrial research.

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Section: Forward Vs Reverse Convection Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Pc Index As Indicator Of Solar Wind Energy Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Polar Cap (PC) index combination, PCC: relations to solar wind properties and global magnetic disturbances

Stauning

2021

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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“…The third index is the SuperMAG SML, reflecting the strength of auroral zone currents. The last parameter is the polar cap PC‐index, associated with the transpolar convection induced by the interplanetary electric field (IEF; Troshichev & Sormakov, 2015; Troshichev et al., 2014). In this study, the PC‐index is used as a proxy quantifier of the IMF‐related driving.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing Substorms via Historical Data Mining: Is It Really Feasible?

et al. 2021

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Magnetospheric substorms have been in the center of keen interest since the early 1960s (Kepko et al., 2015;Meng & Liou, 2004). An immense number of studies have been published, focused on many aspects of substorm effects in the magnetosphere and at ionospheric altitudes; see Chu et al. (2021) for an ample list of references. With respect to the modeling, the substorms still pose a great challenge, due to the large variety of disturbance scenarios and the stubborn problem of predicting their onsets. First-principle simulations reproduce the substorms in fair resemblance to reality; however, results of the existing codes are widely different from each other (Gordeev et al., 2017).In the empirical data-based modeling, the most recent significant advance in reconstructing the substorm effects was made by Stephens et al. (2019) andSitnov et al. (2019) (referred below as SST19) on the basis of the nearest-neighbor (NN) data-mining (DM) in the space of magnetospheric state parameters. Equatorial sources were represented by a sum of quasi-orthogonal vector potentials (Tsyganenko & Sitnov, 2007), corresponding to a set of embedded planar current sheets (CSs) of different fixed thickness, while the field-aligned currents (FACs) were included as a superposition of deformed conical harmonics (Tsyganenko, 1991(Tsyganenko, , 2002a(Tsyganenko, , 2002b. The NN selection was based on values of AL and Sym-H indices and their time derivatives, slide-averaged over time intervals of 1 and 6 h, respectively. Also, the interplanetary s E vB driver was taken into account using the L1 upstream data. Based on the above premises, a successful reconstruction of the entire empirical picture of the substorm cycle was made in SST19, including the magnetotail flux

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“…The topics and related papers are: control of magnetospheric conditions by solar wind parameters (Kubyshkina et al 2015;Sergeev et al 2015;Troshichev and Sormakov 2015), modeling of reconnection and instabilities in the tail (Birn et al 2015;Pritchett 2015;Uchino and Machida 2015), relationships between relativistic electrons and pulsations in the inner magnetosphere Hajra et al 2015;Teramoto et al 2016), the effects of substorms on ionospheric irregularities and currents (Berngardt et al 2015;Cherniak and Zakharenkova 2015;Connors and Rostoker 2015), auroral disturbances during substorms Tanaka et al 2015), and ground magnetometer chains (Connors et al 2016). In addition, a review paper by Akasofu (2015) based on his presentation at ICS-12 was published in Progress in Earth and Planetary Science.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%