Pb Removal Using Mixed Substrates in a Constructed Laboratory-Scale Unvegetated Vertical Subsurface-Flow Wetland

Abstract

In this study, five mixed substrates -SSFGF, FSSGF, FSSFF, FSSFG, and FSFGF -consisting of fly ash, sludge, soil, fine cinder, gravels, and fine sand, were made in order to test the removal effect of lead. Multiple comparisons and analysis of variance were used to analyze physicochemical properties and the removal efficiency of lead. The test results showed that for five substrates, the effluent concentrations were not significantly different among 10 mg/L and 40 mg/L initial concentrations. For the other three initial concentrations (20 mg/L, 80 mg/L and 160 mg/L) from five substrates, it was significantly different. Moreover, when decomposition time was 0.25 h~48 h, the removal efficiency of Pb from the solution was better for substrate SSFGF-based wetland than those of the other substrate-based wetlands at low and medium initial concentrations (10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 40 mg/L, and 80 mg/L), and then it was slightly better for substrate FSSFF-based wetland. At relatively high initial concentrations (160 mg/L), the removal efficiency was better for substrate FSSFF-based wetland than those of the other substrate-based wetlands, and then it was slightly better for substrate SSGFF-based wetland. Our study further suggested that SSFGF and FSSFF were the two relatively ideal substrate materials suitable for removal of Pb from a constructed wetland system.

Synthesis and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Supported Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI/rGO) Composites Used for Pb(II) Removal

“…With the development of industrialization and urbanization, the needs for metals have increased drastically, and therefore have created a widespread contamination of heavy metals to water bodies and soils, especially in developing countries [ 3 ]. Lead is one of the most dangerous heavy metals, and is used as an industrial raw material for storage battery manufacturing, printing, pigments, fuels, photography materials and explosives manufacturing [ 4 ]. The use of lead compounds also causes large amounts of industrial wastewater containing the high quantity of Pb(II) ions.…”

Investigating the Antibacterial Activity of POMA Nanocomposites

“…In recent years the most important and significant nano product in the nanotechnology field is silver NPs, which are widely and significantly used in textiles and garments, food covering, medicinal and cosmetic raw material, fresh water, wastewater and to treat air, pesticides and also in domestic usage [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Ni NPs have shown excellent antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus casei, staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis [25][26]. At present, nanocomposites offer new business opportunities for all areas of technology and industry in spite of being conservational and green in nature [27][28][29][30].…”

Decomposition of Plant Litter under Chromium Pollution and Associated Characteristics of Chromium Release

“…Industrial development has caused serious environmental pollution with heavy metals, especially in developing countries [1]. Therefore, affordable and effective treatment technologies are highly desirable [2,3].…”