Pb(NO₃)₂ Mediated Synthesis of Pyrazine

Abstract

Lead nitrate was used as an efficient catalyst in the oxidation and condensation reaction of hydroxy ketone with diamine leading to the formation of pyrazine derivatives in excellent yields.

Synthesis and bio‐evaluation of novel 2‐arylquinoxaline

“…The widespread applications of quinoxaline in biology and technology, attracted researchers to develop numerous methods for synthesis as, the condensation of aryl‐1,2‐diamine with 1,2‐diketones, similarly cyclization of 2‐hydroxyketones with 1,2‐diamines were common methods. Recently, some catalyst are developed for this purpose, such as RuCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 3 ‐TEMPO, HgI 2 , MnCl 2 , PEG‐400, cetyltriethylammonium bromide, CeCl 3 ∙7H 2 O, sodium hexafluorophosphate‐amberlite, Au─NPs, SBA─Pr─SO 3 H, KMnO 4 , KF/Al 2 O 3 , In few publication quinoxalines are synthesized from pyruvic acid and o ‐phenylenediamine, α‐amino acids and 2‐(1 H ‐pyrol‐1‐yl)aniline in DMSO, α‐bromoacetophenone and o ‐phenylenediamine using pyridine as catalyst . Many of these suffer from one or more disadvantages like use of hazardous solvents, harsh reaction conditions, unsatisfactory product yield, and so on.…”