Pay It Forward: High School Video-based Instruction Can Disseminate CPR Knowledge in Priority Neighborhoods

Rios, Marina Del; Han, Josiah; Cano, Alejandra; Ramírez, Víctor Hugo Villarreal; Morales, Gabriel; Campbell, Teri; Hoek, Terry L. Vanden

doi:10.5811/westjem.2017.10.35108

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies have confirmed that learning bystander CPR can improve OHCA outcomes [ 29 , 30 ]. Our study revealed that a combination of video and instruction-based CPR training is an effective method to improve the knowledge and skills of bystanders which is widely used in other contexts [ 31 , 32 ] and had similar positive effects. In addition, implementing effective training methods to increase bystander CPR knowledge may improve resuscitation in high-risk groups [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Out of hospital cardiac arrest: experience of a bystander CPR training program in Karachi, Pakistan

et al. 2022

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Background Nearly 90% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients are witnessed, yet only 2.3% received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in Pakistan. This study aimed to determine retention of knowledge and skills of Hands-Only CPR among community participants in early recognition of OHCA and initiation of CPR in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods Pre and post-tests were conducted among CPR training participants from diverse non-health-related backgrounds from July 2018 to October 2019. Participants were tested for knowledge and skills of CPR before training (pre-test), immediately after training (post-test), and 6 months after training (re-test). All the participants received CPR training through video and scenario-based demonstration using manikins. Post-training CPR skills of the participants were assessed using a pre-defined performance checklist. The facilitator read out numerous case scenarios to the participants, such as drowning, poisoning, and road traffic injuries, etc., and then asked them to perform the critical steps of CPR identified in the scenario on manikins. The primary outcome was the mean difference in the knowledge score and skills of the participants related to the recognition of OHCA and initiation of CPR. Results The pre and post-tests were completed by 652 participants, whereas the retention test after 6 months was completed by 322 participants. The mean knowledge score related to the recognition of OHCA, and initiation of CPR improved significantly (p < 0.001) from pre-test [47.8/100, Standard Deviation (SD) ±13.4] to post-test (70.2/100, SD ±12.1). Mean CPR knowledge after 6 months (retention) reduced slightly from (70.2/100, ±12.1) to (66.5/100, ±10.8). CPR skill retention for various components (check for scene safety, check for response, check for breathing and correct placement of the heel of hands) deteriorated significantly (p < 0.001) from 77.9% in the post-test to 72.8% in re-test. Participants performed slightly better on achieving an adequate rate of chest compressions from 73.1% in post-test to 76.7% in re-test (p 0.27). Conclusion Community members with non-health backgrounds can learn and retain CPR skills, allowing them to be effective bystander CPR providers in OHCA situations. We recommend mass population training in Pakistan for CPR to increase survival from OHCA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Out of hospital cardiac arrest: experience of a bystander CPR training program in Karachi, Pakistan

et al. 2022

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“…Therefore, take-home BLS training kits containing a simplified BLS training manikin are frequently used for BLS education. 26,52,117,118 Take-home BLS training kits have been used successfully by children in primary school 52,119,120 and students in high school 26,117,118,121 to pass on skills to third parties. The magnitude of the multiplier effect varies across studies, ranging from an average of 1.77 to as many as 4.9 people trained per student.…”

Section: Use Of Bls Training Manikins and Multiplier Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The magnitude of the multiplier effect varies across studies, ranging from an average of 1.77 to as many as 4.9 people trained per student. 26,117 Schoolchildren as multipliers can also reach segments of the population more likely to witness a cardiac arrest. In a Norwegian study, 43% of the population trained by high school students were ≥50 years of age.…”

Section: Use Of Bls Training Manikins and Multiplier Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one study from the United States, students from a high school serving a 99.8% Black and 61.8% incomelimited community trained, on average, 4.9 people per kit (Figure 2). 117 However, the use of take-home BLS training manikins to teach chest compressions may result in shallower compression depths, 34,122,123 which should be highlighted in training. Thus, instructor-led courses with professional BLS training manikins lay the foundation to guarantee effective BLS education before distribution of take-home BLS training kits.…”

Section: Use Of Bls Training Manikins and Multiplier Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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KIDS SAVE LIVES: Basic Life Support Education for Schoolchildren: A Narrative Review and Scientific Statement From the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation

Schroeder¹,

Semeraro²,

Greif³

et al. 2023

Circulation

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BACKGROUND: Basic life support education for schoolchildren has become a key initiative to increase bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates. Our objective was to review the existing literature on teaching schoolchildren basic life support to identify the best practices to provide basic life support training in schoolchildren. METHODS: After topics and subgroups were defined, a comprehensive literature search was conducted. Systematic reviews and controlled and uncontrolled prospective and retrospective studies containing data on students <20 years of age were included. RESULTS: Schoolchildren are highly motivated to learn basic life support. The CHECK-CALL-COMPRESS algorithm is recommended for all schoolchildren. Regular training in basic life support regardless of age consolidates long-term skills. Young children from 4 years of age are able to assess the first links in the chain of survival. By 10 to 12 years of age, effective chest compression depths and ventilation volumes can be achieved on training manikins. A combination of theoretical and practical training is recommended. Schoolteachers serve as effective basic life support instructors. Schoolchildren also serve as multipliers by passing on basic life support skills to others. The use of age-appropriate social media tools for teaching is a promising approach for schoolchildren of all ages. CONCLUSIONS: Schoolchildren basic life support training has the potential to educate whole generations to respond to cardiac arrest and to increase survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Comprehensive legislation, curricula, and scientific assessment are crucial to further develop the education of schoolchildren in basic life support.

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“…While it would be regarded as a due courtesy for the employer to cover the full cost or at least partially subsidize the cost of employee CPR training, the employer is by no means bound to cover such costs and may stipulate that CPR or first aid certification be a condition of employment [ 19 , 20 ]. We however recommend that employers should explore other options such as video-based CPR self-instruction, which is timesaving, less expensive, can be repeated more frequently, and may be more effective than traditional classroom-based CPR training courses [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Regarding CPR Among Non-medical Staff at a Medical School in South Africa

Jarghon¹,

Molokoane²,

Laher³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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BackgroundSudden cardiac arrest can occur unexpectedly in any person and at any place including at medical schools. Improved outcomes after cardiac arrest are dependent on the initiation of early first responder high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and rapid defibrillation. There is a lack of data pertaining to the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of non-medical staff at medical schools regarding CPR. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of non-medical staff employed at a medical school in South Africa regarding CPR. MethodsIn this cross-sectional survey study, a paper-based questionnaire was administered to non-medical staff (i.e., all staff without a medical [MBBCh or equivalent] or nursing degree) employed at the medical school. Data were collected between August 1 and October 25, 2020. ResultsThe final study sample comprised 150 participants. Of these, 103 (68.7%) were female, 109 (72.7%) were ≤ 40 years old, 62 (41.3%) had a postgraduate university degree, 72 (48.0%) had witnessed a medical emergency at the medical school premises and 46 (30.7%) had previously undertaken first aid or CPR training. The mean (SD) knowledge score was 4.4 ± 1.6 out of 10 with only 25 (16.7%) participants knowing what the first thing was to look out for during a medical emergency and 28 (18.7%) participants knowing the location of the automated external defibrillator. Most participants (n=136, 90.7%) indicated that CPR training should be mandatory for all employees. ConclusionNon-medical staff surveyed displayed suboptimal knowledge but positive attitudes and perceptions toward CPR. Although this was a single-center study, these results can be used to motivate CPR training of non-medical staff at all medical schools.

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Pay It Forward: High School Video-based Instruction Can Disseminate CPR Knowledge in Priority Neighborhoods

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

Out of hospital cardiac arrest: experience of a bystander CPR training program in Karachi, Pakistan

Out of hospital cardiac arrest: experience of a bystander CPR training program in Karachi, Pakistan

KIDS SAVE LIVES: Basic Life Support Education for Schoolchildren: A Narrative Review and Scientific Statement From the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Regarding CPR Among Non-medical Staff at a Medical School in South Africa

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