Pay as You Go: A Generic Crypto Tolling Architecture

Bartolomeu, Paulo; Vieira, Emanuel; Ferreira, Joaquim

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3034299

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The implementation of ETC reduces operational expenses, improves efficiency and enhances traveler convenience. Bartolomeu et al (2020) proposed a novel open-road tolling solution based on cryptography that leverages 5G C-V2X connectivity for hassle-free toll payment. Congestion management The alarming number of on-road vehicles is causing massive traffic congestion, especially in urban areas. A typical traffic jam lasts 41.7 min (Wang et al , 2016 ), wasting considerable time.…”

Section: Vehicle-to-everything Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic study on the challenges, characteristics and security issues in vehicular networks

Lone

Verma

Sharma

2023

IJPCC

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to extensively explore the vehicular network paradigm, challenges faced by them and provide a reasonable solution for securing these vulnerable networks. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication has brought the long-anticipated goal of safe, convenient and sustainable transportation closer to reality. The connected vehicle (CV) paradigm is critical to the intelligent transportation systems vision. It imagines a society free of a troublesome transportation system burdened by gridlock, fatal accidents and a polluted environment. The authors cannot overstate the importance of CVs in solving long-standing mobility issues and making travel safer and more convenient. It is high time to explore vehicular networks in detail to suggest solutions to the challenges encountered by these highly dynamic networks. Design/methodology/approach This paper compiles research on various V2X topics, from a comprehensive overview of V2X networks to their unique characteristics and challenges. In doing so, the authors identify multiple issues encountered by V2X communication networks due to their open communication nature and high mobility, especially from a security perspective. Thus, this paper proposes a trust-based model to secure vehicular networks. The proposed approach uses the communicating nodes’ behavior to establish trustworthy relationships. The proposed model only allows trusted nodes to communicate among themselves while isolating malicious nodes to achieve secure communication. Findings Despite the benefits offered by V2X networks, they have associated challenges. As the number of CVs on the roads increase, so does the attack surface. Connected cars provide numerous safety-critical applications that, if compromised, can result in fatal consequences. While cryptographic mechanisms effectively prevent external attacks, various studies propose trust-based models to complement cryptographic solutions for dealing with internal attacks. While numerous trust-based models have been proposed, there is room for improvement in malicious node detection and complexity. Optimizing the number of nodes considered in trust calculation can reduce the complexity of state-of-the-art solutions. The theoretical analysis of the proposed model exhibits an improvement in trust calculation, better malicious node detection and fewer computations. Originality/value The proposed model is the first to add another dimension to trust calculation by incorporating opinions about recommender nodes. The added dimension improves the trust calculation resulting in better performance in thwarting attacks and enhancing security while also reducing the trust calculation complexity.

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Section: Vehicle-to-everything Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vehicle-to-everything Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic study on the challenges, characteristics and security issues in vehicular networks

Lone

Verma

Sharma

2023

IJPCC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It has stability and high performance, but PBFT (practical Byzantine fault tolerance) consensus is not applicable to large networks. In the toll station system, to solve the problem of electronic identity, Viera [74] proposed a 5G-based C-V2X (vehicle-to-everything) road tolling system (Fabric). In Figure 42, it is shown that Indy's portable identity technology is used to send identity information through smart-phones instead of RSU to obtain identity information.…”

Section: Smart Transportationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperledger for IoT: A Review of Reconstruction Diagrams Perspective

Leng

Wang²,

Zheng³

et al. 2022

Electronics

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The convergence of blockchain with the internet of things (IoT) attracted widespread attention. Blockchain mainly solved the problem of secure storage and trusted transactions. The convergence of these two emerging technologies enhanced the security of smart services. However, there were some technical barriers to the deployment of practical IoT systems. In order to further promote the popularity and application of blockchain in the IoT, Hyperledger became the ideal technology to overcome these obstacles. In recent years, the mainstream application fields of IoT tried to carry out integration with Hyperledger to achieve high security, fine-grained privacy protection, real-time data flow, robustness, and other business requirements. However, there was a lack of literature review on this topic. This study obtained the latest related literature of Hyperledger in IoT from Web of Science, Wordlib, and EBSCO databases. To demonstrate more intuitive differences and provide a technology convergence process, this study proposes a reconstruction diagram analysis method. Reconstruction is the process of fusing the core design and the original architecture diagram in the literature and reconstructing the diagram so that it can show the core ideas of the literature. This approach aims to visualize the core ideas of the literature. Finally, this paper prospected and concluded by proposing four directions for future work, including a low-energy consensus algorithm, intelligent transaction validation, mixed on-chain and off-chain storage, and customized incentives.

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“…We also used a Proof-of-Work (PoW) custom accelerator, encompassing an FPGA, to speedup the revocation process. To this end, we equipped the IRI node mentioned before with a Cyclone 10 LP FPGA, named PiDiver (Bartolomeu et al, 2020), connected through its GPIO pins to a Raspberry Pi 3B running an HTTP server, used by the IRI node to perform PoW computation offloading. Finally, to simulate the OBU we use our proprietary board equipped with SOM NXP i.MX 8M Quadcore (4 x Cortex™-A53 1.5 GHz) and 4 GB RAM, which simulated the revocation check procedure in different runs.…”

Section: Experiments Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%