Pax2 in the optic nerve of the goldfish, a model of continuous growth

Parrilla, Marta; Lillo, Concepción; Herrero-Turrión, M.J.; Arévalo, R.; Lara, Juan M.; Aijón, José; Velasco, Almudena

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.12.010

Cited by 26 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…It recognizes the Pax2a and Pax2b isoforms in one or two protein bands between 44 and 51 kDa in Western blots of mammals, chick, and fish central nervous system (manufacturer's datasheet; Parrilla et al, 2009;Stanke et al, 2010). The Pax2 antibody produced a staining pattern in the lizard ON (current study) that was consistent with previous studies in fish (Parrilla et al, 2009), chick, and mammals (Stanke et al, 2010).…”

Section: Antibody Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In addition, it is also present in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes of the vertebrate CNS (Tansey et al, 1991;Monzón-Mayor et al, 1990bJennings et al, 2002;Romero-Alemán et al, 2003;Parrilla et al, 2009). Interestingly, the abundant and strong GS staining in the lizard ON-OTr is apparently linked to a glutamatergic glial network, as the abundant coexpression of GS/VGLUT1 in glial cells suggests.…”

Section: Identification Of Neuron-like Cells In the On-otrmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Interestingly, the abundant and strong GS staining in the lizard ON-OTr is apparently linked to a glutamatergic glial network, as the abundant coexpression of GS/VGLUT1 in glial cells suggests. Consistent with this view, all three isoforms of VGLUTs have been detected in rodent astrocytes (review in Montana et al, 2006); VGLUT3 þ /GS þ rat astrocytes have been described in vitro (Ni and Parpura, 2009); glutamate can be synthesized de novo in astrocytes and released by ON glia in mice (Hamilton et al, 2008;Ni and Parpura, 2009); glutamatergic signal transduction occurs in CNS white matter and peripheral nerves, as revealed by the presence of GS activity in the rat fimbria, corpus callosum, ON, and trigeminal nerves (Hassel et al, 2003), and also in the cat and fish ON (Jennings et al, 2002;Parrilla et al, 2009). The literature about the GS expression and/or activity in the vertebrates nervous system after surgical lesions is contradictory.…”

Section: Identification Of Neuron-like Cells In the On-otrmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It recognizes a single protein band between 45 and 50 kDa in Western blots of sheep, rat, and fish (manufacturer's datasheet; Parrilla et al, 2009). Negative controls of this primary antibody preabsorbed with excess antigen gave no signal in the Western blots of human brain samples (Tumani et al, 1995).…”

Section: Antibody Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of neuronal markers, synaptic proteins, and glutamine synthetase in the control and regenerating lizard visual system

Romero-Aleman

Monzon-Mayor

Santos

et al. 2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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Spontaneous regrowth of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons occurs after optic nerve (ON) transection in the lizard Gallotia galloti. To gain more insight into this event we performed an immunohistochemical study on selected neuron and glial markers, which proved useful for analyzing the axonal regrowth process in different regeneration models. In the control lizards, RGCs were beta-III tubulin- (Tuj1) and HuCD-positive. The vesicular glutamate transporter-1 (VGLUT1) preferentially stained RGCs and glial somata rather than synaptic layers. In contrast, SV2 and vesicular GABA/glycine transporter (VGAT) labeling was restricted to both plexiform layers. Strikingly, the strong expression of glutamine synthetase (GS) in both Müller glia processes and macroglial somata revealed a high glutamate metabolism along the visual system. Upregulation of Tuj1 and HuCD in the surviving RGCs was observed at all the timepoints studied (1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postlesion). The significant rise of Tuj1 in the optic nerve head and optic tract (OTr) by 1 and 6 months postlesion, respectively, suggests an increase of the beta-III tubulin transport and incorporation into newly formed axons. Persistent Tuj1(+) and SV2(+) puncta and swellings were abnormally observed in putative degenerating/dystrophic fibers. Unexpectedly, neuron-like cells of obscure significance were identified in the control and regenerating ON-OTr. We conclude that: 1) the persistent upregulation of Tuj1 and HuCD favors the long-lasting axonal regrowth process; 2) the latter succeeded despite the ectopia and dystrophy of some regrowing fibers; and 3) maintenance of the glutamate-glutamine cycle contributes to the homeostasis and plasticity of the system.

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Section: Antibody Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Identification Of Neuron-like Cells In the On-otrmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Identification Of Neuron-like Cells In the On-otrmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Antibody Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Expression of neuronal markers, synaptic proteins, and glutamine synthetase in the control and regenerating lizard visual system

Romero-Aleman

Monzon-Mayor

Santos

et al. 2010

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…The anti-GS antibody was raised against purified glutamine synthetase from sheep brain and recognizes a single 45-kDa protein band on western blots of sheep, rat and fish brain (manufacturer's datasheet; Parrilla et al, 2009). Negative controls of this primary antibody preabsorbed with excess antigen gave no signal in western blots of human brain samples (Tumani et al, 1995).…”

Section: Antibody Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of BDNF and NT‐3 during the ontogeny and regeneration of the lacertidian (Gallotia galloti) visual system

Santos

Romero-Aleman

Monzon-Mayor

et al. 2011

Developmental Neurobiology

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Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons regrow spontaneously after optic nerve (ON) transection in G. galloti. Because brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is considered the major neurotrophin participating in vertebrate visual system development and promotes RGC survival, we investigated its distribution using dual-labeling immunohistochemistry for neuronal and glial markers. We examined the developing and regenerating lizard visual system at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postlesion to comparatively evaluate BDNF expression patterns. BDNF was detected from midembryonic stages (E35) in both retinal plexiform layers, and in radial glial processes in the tectum. Moreover, RGC axon staining was detected at late prenatal stages (E39), showing a transient punctate staining which progressed in a temporo-spatial pattern that was similar to myelination. Strong expression in RGC axons was maintained in adults. However, transient downregulation of BDNF staining occurred on the experimental side one month after ON transection followed by a gradual recovery with extensive punctate/swelling distribution and persistent upregulation at 12 months. Conversely, quantitative PCR analysis for 1 and 12 months regenerate lizards showed downregulation of the ratio of BDNF mRNA expression at 12 months and nonsignificant changes of NT-3 transcripts. In summary, we demonstrate that BDNF and NT-3 are abundantly expressed during lizard visual system ontogeny and regeneration suggesting their participation in the development, maintenance and plasticity of the system.

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Zebrafish embryonically exposed to valproic acid present impaired retinal development and sleep behavior

DeOliveira‐Mello,

Baronio,

Panula

2023

Autism Research

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Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA), a drug widely used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder, is an environmental risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). VPA has been used to reproduce the core symptoms of ASD in animal model organisms, including zebrafish. Visual system functioning is essential in the interpretation of social conditions and plays an important role of several behavioral responses. We hypothesized that behavioral deficits displayed by ASD patients may involve impaired visual processing. We used zebrafish as model organism to investigate the visual system after embryonic exposure to VPA using histological, behavioral and gene expression analysis. We analyzed the pineal gland of zebrafish and sleep‐like behavior to study how VPA exposure alters photo‐sensibility of zebrafish. VPA‐exposed zebrafish showed a delay in the development of the retina and optic nerve, which normalized at five days post fertilization. At larval stage, VPA‐exposed zebrafish showed sleep disturbances associated with a reduced number of serotonin‐producing cells of the pineal gland. In addition, the number of hypocretin/orexin (hcrt) expressing neurons in the rostral hypothalamus at 6 and 14 days post fertilization was reduced. In conclusion, we demonstrated that although VPA exposure leads to a delay in visual system development, it does not affect larval visual function. The novel finding that VPA alters significantly cells involved in sleep regulation and the sleep‐like state itself may be relevant for understanding sleep disturbances in ASD patients.

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Pax2 in the optic nerve of the goldfish, a model of continuous growth

Cited by 26 publications

References 60 publications

Expression of neuronal markers, synaptic proteins, and glutamine synthetase in the control and regenerating lizard visual system

Expression of neuronal markers, synaptic proteins, and glutamine synthetase in the control and regenerating lizard visual system

Expression of BDNF and NT‐3 during the ontogeny and regeneration of the lacertidian (Gallotia galloti) visual system

Zebrafish embryonically exposed to valproic acid present impaired retinal development and sleep behavior

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