Patterns of Thyroid Cancers in Southeastern Nigeria: A 15 Year Histopathologic Review (2000-2014)

Ukekwe, Francis Ikechukwu; Olusina, DB; Okere, Philip Chinedu

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2017/26971.10418

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In other words, as the incidence of follicular carcinoma wanes, there is seen the waxing of that of papillary carcinoma with the passage of time. A review of thyroid carcinomas on the African continent in 20 literatures, [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] published between 1952 and 2014, corroborated this finding (Table 3). In these studies, cancers occurring between 1952 and 1998 were predominantly of the follicular subtype, while those occurring between1999 and 2014 were predominantly papillary carcinomas ( Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Malignant Thyroid Lesions: A Histopathological Perspective

Emmanuel

Ramalan

Ochigbo

et al. 2019

JAMMR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Thyroid cancer incidence is increasing globally. This increase has been attributed to improvement in diagnostic methods. This study has as its aim the analysis of the pattern of thyroid gland malignancies seen at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria, between January 2008 and December 2018. Methodology: A descriptive retrospective study of consecutive cases of thyroid specimens analyzed at our center was done. Data was obtained from the Histopathology Department Records. The diagnosis of each case was confirmed by reviewing archival slides. Results: There were 70 cases of thyroid carcinomas during the period of the study. The histological types of thyroid cancers seen were: follicular carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, medullary carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma, respectively accounting for 36(51.4%), 23(32.9%), Emmanuel et al.; JAMMR, 29(12): 1-10, 2019; Article no.JAMMR.49712 2 4(5.7%) and 7(8.6%) cases. There was only 1 case of follicular carcinoma in 2012, and non between 2013 and 2018. The male to female ratio was 1: 3.1. The mean age of thyroid carcinoma was 42.7 years, with an age range of 13-80 years. Conclusion: The histological pattern of thyroid cancers has changed over the last two decades in our environment with the erstwhile predominant follicular carcinoma receding to near disappearance. The papillary carcinoma histotype is currently overwhelmingly the commonest type diagnosed. The former is relatively commonly seen in the older age group, in a sharp contrast with the later. The female gender remains the most afflicted group. Original Research Article

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Malignant Thyroid Lesions: A Histopathological Perspective

Emmanuel

Ramalan

Ochigbo

et al. 2019

JAMMR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thyroid cancer accounts for <2% of all cancers in males and 1%–1.5% in females with a female-to-male ratio of 3:1 in almost all ethnic groups. 1,2 Genetic variation contributes to the development of thyroid cancer; however, the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer is not yet known exactly. 2,3 Molecular biomarkers have not been identified for the diagnosis and prognosis of thyroid cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VDR gene FokI polymorphism as a poor prognostic factor for papillary thyroid cancer

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This is the first study to investigate the effect of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms on the clinicopathologic features of papillary thyroid cancer in Turkey. A total of 165 patients with papillary thyroid cancer and 172 controls were included in this case-control study. VDR gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms FokI (rs2228570), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), and TaqI (rs731236) were evaluated using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. VDR gene polymorphisms BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI did not differ between the papillary thyroid cancer group and control group (p. 0.05, each). BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI were not associated with papillary thyroid cancer risk. The VDR gene FokI CT/TT genotype was associated with an increased papillary thyroid cancer risk (CT vs CC: odds ratio = 1.71, 95% confidence interval = 1.15-2.76, p = 0.028; TT vs CC: odds ratio = 2.44, 95% confidence interval = 1.29-4.62, p = 0.005; CT/TT vs CC: odds ratio = 1.88, 95% confidence interval = 1.20-2.96, p = 0.006; CT/CC vs TT: odds ratio = 1.80, 95% confidence interval = 1.05-3.20, p = 0.041). VDR gene polymorphisms were not in linkage disequilibrium. The FokI TT genotype was associated with having T3 and T4, stage III/IV, extra-thyroidal invasion. The FokI CT/TT or TT genotype was associated with developing N1 status, multifocality, tumor size ø 10 mm, and treatment with radioiodine therapy. Persistence/recurrence did not differ between the FokI genotypes. Carriers of the FokI T allele were at an increased risk of more advanced tumor-node-metastasis stage, greater tumor size, multifocality, and extrathyroidal invasion of papillary thyroid cancer compared with the CC genotype. VDR gene FokI T allele and TT genotype correlated with aggressiveness of papillary thyroid cancer; thus, FokI could be useful as a poor prognostic factor to assess the high risk of papillary thyroid cancer.

show abstract

“…The distribution of histological subtypes in our patient cohort was different from general population findings. 19 As a whole, DTC that usually absorb RAI shares the biggest contribution 20 , 21 while in our cohort only near a third of patients had 131 I absorbing DTC. The use of EBRT for treatment of differentiated thyroid carcinomas has declined overtime since overwhelming evidence for usefulness of RAI therapy and more comprehensive surgeries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

The role of external beam radiation therapy in the management of thyroid carcinomas: A retrospective study in Iran Cancer Institute

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Thyroid cancers are histologically classified into three types; differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). Among the several therapeutic strategies for treatment and management of thyroid cancer, surgical resection in combination with radioactive iodine therapy (RAI) is indicated for moderate to high‐risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients‐ according to current guidelines. However, external radiation therapy (EBRT) can be a viable alternative treatment option for these patients and scarce evidence is available regarding the efficacy and effectiveness of EBRT on thyroid cancer. Aim This study aims at evaluating the role of EBRT in the management of thyroid carcinomas. Methods and Results In this retrospective cohort study, the records of 59 patients with thyroid cancer were accessed who were treated by EBRT from 2008 to 2016. The indications for EBRT included unresectable primary (definitive) or loco‐regional recurrences (salvage) not suitable for RAI, palliation for local disease or metastatic foci (palliative), and the adjuvant treatment for suspected residual disease following resection. Progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated for different types of cancer. PFS was measured from the start of EBRT to the last uneventful follow‐up, recurrence, or death. Kaplan–Meier model was used for the survival analysis. Fifty‐nine patients were evaluated. The histopathology of the tumors was differentiated and poorly‐differentiated, medullary and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas in 22 and 6, 15 and 16 patients, respectively. Twenty‐seven patients received external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) as adjuvant therapy and 18 of the cases as palliative therapy while the remaining received salvage or definitive primary EBRT. The stage of patients' cancer was as follows: stage II in 3 and III in 1, IVA in 18 and IVB in 18 and IVC in 19. Stage‐based median overall survival was 26 months for IVA, 44 for IVB, and 29 for IVC. The median PFS was 18, 22 and 21 months for stages IVA, IVB and IVC, respectively. Conclusion Based on our findings, EBRT may still play a role in the management of patients with thyroid carcinoma and should be considered in the armamentarium against thyroid cancers.

show abstract

Patterns of Thyroid Cancers in Southeastern Nigeria: A 15 Year Histopathologic Review (2000-2014)

Abstract: TC continues to predominate amongst females, occurring mainly in early middle age group in Southeastern Nigeria. PTC is now the commonest histologic type.

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Malignant Thyroid Lesions: A Histopathological Perspective

Malignant Thyroid Lesions: A Histopathological Perspective

VDR gene FokI polymorphism as a poor prognostic factor for papillary thyroid cancer

The role of external beam radiation therapy in the management of thyroid carcinomas: A retrospective study in Iran Cancer Institute

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About