Patterns of temporal lobe atrophy in semantic dementia and Alzheimer's disease

Chan, Dennis; Fox, Nick C.; Scahill, Rachael I.; Crum, William R.; Whitwell, Jennifer L.; Leschziner, Guy; Rossor, Alex M.; Stevens, John; Cipolotti, Lisa; Rossor, Martin N.

doi:10.1002/ana.92

Cited by 627 publications

(320 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

279

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…On neuroimaging, svPPA has a hallmark pattern of asymmetric, focal cerebral atrophy chiefly involving the dominant anteroinferior and mesial temporal lobe, including amygdala and anterior hippocampus [9, 48]. This is most easily visualised on a T1-weighted coronal MRI scan (Fig.…”

Section: Canonical Syndromes Of Primary Progressive Aphasia: Semanticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary progressive aphasia: a clinical approach

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The primary progressive aphasias are a heterogeneous group of focal ‘language-led’ dementias that pose substantial challenges for diagnosis and management. Here we present a clinical approach to the progressive aphasias, based on our experience of these disorders and directed at non-specialists. We first outline a framework for assessing language, tailored to the common presentations of progressive aphasia. We then consider the defining features of the canonical progressive nonfluent, semantic and logopenic aphasic syndromes, including ‘clinical pearls’ that we have found diagnostically useful and neuroanatomical and other key associations of each syndrome. We review potential diagnostic pitfalls and problematic presentations not well captured by conventional classifications and propose a diagnostic ‘roadmap’. After outlining principles of management, we conclude with a prospect for future progress in these diseases, emphasising generic information processing deficits and novel pathophysiological biomarkers.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00415-018-8762-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Canonical Syndromes Of Primary Progressive Aphasia: Semanticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary progressive aphasia: a clinical approach

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Characteristic changes on brain imaging in this group include marked atrophy of the anterior and inferior temporal lobes, which usually begins within the left hemisphere before progressing bilaterally [14,15,16]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Subtypes in Primary Progressive Aphasia: Application of the Sydney Language Battery

Savage

Hsieh

Leslie

et al. 2013

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

172

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) comprises three main subtypes, varying in clinical features, patterns of brain atrophy, and underlying pathology. Differentiation of these variants is important for treatment and planning; however, simple, effective cognitive tests to aid diagnosis are lacking. This study introduces a new language battery - the SYDBAT (Sydney Language Battery) - to assist clinicians. Methods: Fifty-seven PPA patients and 54 age- and education-matched healthy controls were compared on naming, repetition, word comprehension, and semantic association subtests. Results: Significant group differences were found for all tasks, reflecting different language profiles for each group. Using discriminative function analysis, 80% of PPA cases were correctly classified from three SYDBAT scores, from which a simple diagnostic algorithm was defined. Conclusion: The SYDBAT is a fast and simple tool which provides a valuable adjunct to clinicians diagnosing PPA.

show abstract

“…Of particular interest in the study of memory are semantic dementia, a form of frontotemporal dementia, and Alzheimer's disease since both involve neurodegenerative processes in the temporal lobes [101,102] . Usually in the memory literature, semantic dementia and Alzheimer's disease present a dissociable neuropsychological memory profile at an initial stage of the disease [103,104] .…”

Section: Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

FMRI contributions to addressing autobiographical memory impairment in temporal lobe pathology

Denkova

Manning

2014

WJR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Episodic autobiographical memory (AM) allows one, through the recollection of sensory-perceptual details, thoughts and feelings, to become aware of an event as belonging to one's own past as well as being able to project into one's future. Because AM provides a sense of self-continuity, contributes to the integrity of the self, and helps predicting future experiences, any deficit of AM may have debilitating consequences for everyday life functioning. Understanding AM failure and the underlying neural mechanisms has the potential to shed light on brain reorganization mechanisms and engagement of compensatory processes. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides the most promising imaging method to tackle these issues. We reviewed evidence from the few studies that used fMRI to investigate the functionality of the residual tissue, the neural reorganization and compensatory mechanisms in patients with neurological conditions due to impaired medial temporal lobe. Overall, these studies highlight the importance of the left hippocampus, which when atrophied and not functional leads to AM deficits but its residual functionality may support relatively normal AM recollection. When damaged hippocampal tissue is not functional, other brain regions (e.g. , the medial prefrontal cortex) may be involved to compensate impairment, but they appear generally ineffective to support detailed episodic recollection.© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.Key words: Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Autobiographical memory; Amnesia; Medial temporal lobe; Memory deficit; Reorganization Core tip: Functional magnetic resonance imaging investigations of patients with impaired autobiographical memory (AM) can greatly contribute to further our understanding of brain reorganization mechanisms and engagement of compensatory processes after damage to the medial temporal lobe. These investigations are reviewed here. Overall, they highlight the importance of the left hippocampus, which when atrophied and not functional leads to deficits in AM but its residual functionality may support relatively normal AM recollection. When damaged hippocampal tissue is not functional, other brain regions (e.g. , the medial prefrontal cortex) may be involved to compensate impairment, but they appear generally ineffective to support detailed recollection.Denkova EJ, Manning L. FMRI contributions to addressing autobiographical memory impairment in temporal lobe pathology.

show abstract

Patterns of temporal lobe atrophy in semantic dementia and Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 627 publications

References 35 publications

Primary progressive aphasia: a clinical approach

Primary progressive aphasia: a clinical approach

Distinguishing Subtypes in Primary Progressive Aphasia: Application of the Sydney Language Battery

FMRI contributions to addressing autobiographical memory impairment in temporal lobe pathology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About