Patterns of superficial venous arrangement in the cubital fossa of adult Nigerians

Abstract

Appreciation of these venous patterns is useful to the medical and paramedical workers, especially in conditions that require venepuncture.

Variations of the cubital superficial vein investigated by using the intravenous illuminator

“…Although there are numerous variations of the superficial venous system in the cubital fossa, it was classified into several types by investigators. Most of them classified the courses of the superficial veins into four or six types [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. However, none of these have conducted large scale examinations using any specific equipment in alive human.…”

Additional Muscle Slip of Bicipital Aponeurosis and its Anomalous Relationship with the Median Cubital Vein

“…14 Previous research has described variations in the superficial veins of the upper limbs in relation to nearby structures and also the absence of some of the usual veins. 5,14,15 Interestingly, in the present case, the MCV was located deep to both BA slips. This finding is unusual and, to the best of the author's knowledge, has not yet been reported in the literature.…”

“…13 In another study of the cubital fossa venous arrangements of 135 living Nigerian adults, the most common pattern was the separation of the median antebrachial vein into the median cephalic and median basilic veins which connect to the cephalic and basilic veins. 5 In the present case, only the cephalic vein was present in the forearm while the basilic vein was absent; the former then bifurcated into the cephalic vein proper and the MCV, which subsequently continued as the basilic vein. Using a venous illuminator, Lee et al classified the pattern of superficial veins in the cubital fossa of 200 Korean patients into four types according to the presence of the MCV; in all cases, the MCV was superficial in the cubital fossa.…”

“…4 In clinical practice, knowledge of the anatomy of the MCV is important as this vein is frequently used for venepuncture during blood withdrawal and transfusion procedures, cardiac catheterisation, insertion of peripheral vascular grafts and for the creation of arteriovenous fistulae. 5 Knowledge of any variations in the cubital region is therefore helpful to avoid unwanted complications during routine cubital fossa procedures.…”

Venas Mediana Cefálica y Mediana Basílica: ¿Por qué su Exclusión de Terminologia Anatomica?

“…Poirier & Charpy (1902) con algunas diferencias, señalaron que la "M" es la disposición más común, estando formada por la vena cefálica del antebrazo y sus dos ramas (venas mediana basílica y mediana cefálica) y las venas cefálica accesoria y basílica del antebrazo. Otros autores, incorporan a las venas mediana basílica y mediana cefálica en distintas formaciones tipo M, entre ellos, Fumagalli & Cavallotti (1982), Singh et al (1982), Wasfi et al (1986), del Sol et al (1988, 2007 del Sol & Vásquez (2009) y Ukoha et al (2013). Para Moore (1982) la M, se forma por la división de la vena mediana del antebrazo en vena mediana cubital y otra, sin denominación, que se reúnen en la vena basílica y vena cefálica, respectivamente.…”