Patterns of spring arrival dates differ in two hirundines

Sparks, Tim H.; Tryjanowski, Piotr

doi:10.3354/cr00722

Cited by 33 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Gauteng is the northernmost South African province we examined and the one for which we had the most data. In this region, barn swallows advanced their departure by a similar amount to their earlier arrival in Europe (4 -8 days) [4,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Novel methods reveal shifts in migration phenology of barn swallows in South Africa

et al. 2011

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Many migratory bird species, including the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica), have advanced their arrival date at Northern Hemisphere breeding grounds, showing a clear biotic response to recent climate change. Earlier arrival helps maintain their synchrony with earlier springs, but little is known about the associated changes in phenology at their non-breeding grounds. Here, we examine the phenology of barn swallows in South Africa, where a large proportion of the northern European breeding population spends its non-breeding season. Using novel analytical methods based on bird atlas data, we show that swallows first arrive in the northern parts of the country and gradually appear further south. On their north-bound journey, they leave South Africa rapidly, resulting in mean stopover durations of 140 days in the south and 180 days in the north. We found that swallows are now leaving northern parts of South Africa 8 days earlier than they did 20 years ago, and so shortened their stay in areas where they previously stayed the longest. By contrast, they did not shorten their stopover in other parts of South Africa, leading to a more synchronized departure across the country. Departure was related to environmental variability, measured through the Southern Oscillation Index. Our results suggest that these birds gain their extended breeding season in Europe partly by leaving South Africa earlier, and thus add to scarce evidence for phenology shifts in the Southern Hemisphere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Novel methods reveal shifts in migration phenology of barn swallows in South Africa

et al. 2011

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“…Increasing migration speed under high temperatures (Cochran & Wikelski 2005, Marra et al 2005, Saino et al 2007, Sparks & Tryjanowksi 2007 may seem an important adaptation to track climatic variability, because it allows birds to arrive and breed earlier in warm years. However, if the temperatures en route do not have high predictive power for the circumstances at the breeding grounds, this strategy fails, and may even lead to individuals arriving too early if they do not halt their migration when encountering adverse circumstances (Brown & Brown 1998).…”

Section: Temperatures Trends During Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is unclear why, so far, no reports exist of evolutionary responses in laying dates, because selection for early laying has increased in several species (Visser et al 1998, Both & Visser 2001; but see Reale et al 2003). Although several studies have shown that spring migration dates are also related to environmental variables at the wintering grounds or en route (Huin & Sparks 1998, Coppack & Both 2002, Ahola et al 2004, Bairlein & Hüppop 2004, Saino et al 2004, 2007, Both et al 2005, Gordo & Sanz 2006, Hüppop & Winkel 2006, Sparks & Tryjanowksi 2007, changes in spring migration have recently been claimed to be an evolutionary response to climate change (Jonzén et al 2006). This reasoning was based on the fact that many migrants have advanced their passage through the Mediterranean (measured at an Italian study site) during the last decades, and that ecological circumstances south of this area had not improved.…”

Section: Evolution Of Migration and Breeding Datesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We want to stress that this is not the case (IPCC 2001), and hence different bird species are affected differently by climate change, depending on where and when they breed and where and when they migrate (Sparks & Tryjanowksi 2007). Also within species, populations differ in their response, because they breed at different places and during different periods of the year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change and timing of avian breeding and migration throughout Europe

Both¹,

Marvelde²

2007

Clim. Res.

137

139

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Bird breeding and spring migration phenology have advanced in response to climate change, but the effects differ between sites. Here, we examine the geographical variation in layingdate trends in a short-distance migrant, the European starling Sturnus vulgaris, and a long-distance migrant, the pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca. We model the trend in laying date for these 2 species -between 1980 and 2004 for most of their European breeding areas -by combining geographical variation in mean laying date, the effect of temperature on laying date, and spatial variation in temperature change. Starlings are predicted to have advanced breeding over most of their range, with the greatest advance in north-eastern Europe. In contrast, pied flycatchers have delayed their laying in northern Europe, but have advanced their laying in western and central Europe. The species differ because pied flycatchers lay their eggs 25 d later at each site than starlings, and temperatures during these 2 periods show different trends. Temperatures during migration have also changed differently for populations heading to different breeding areas. This was most pronounced for pied flycatchers; northern populations experience an increase in temperatures during migration, while more southern populations presently still migrate at temperatures similar to those experienced 25 yr ago. As a consequence the southern population may be constrained in adapting to climate change by low temperatures during migration. There is a large contrast in how circumstances during migration and at the breeding grounds have changed: populations that advanced breeding most were subjected to the lowest temperature increases during migration. The temporal and spatial variation in temperature change has important consequences on how migrants adapt to ongoing climate change.

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“…Therefore, this study provides a great opportunity to test co-fluctuations between morphologically and habitatsimilar bird species. If conditions on wintering grounds are important (as we assume, see above and [1,4,5]), and provide a clear environmental signal to commence migration from Africa to their breeding grounds, the warblers should show similar arrival patterns [12, but see also 13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spring migration timing of Sylvia warblers in Tatarstan (Russia) 1957–2008

Askeyev

Sparks²,

Askeyev

et al. 2009

Open Life Sciences

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Abstract:The timing of when migrant birds return to breed is a key component of studies of the impact of climate change upon bird populations.However, such data are not distributed evenly across the World, and in the Northern Hemisphere are underrepresented in Asia and the east of Europe. Therefore, to help rectify this bias, we analysed first arrival dates (FAD) of four species of Sylvia warblers (Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, Whitethroat S.communis, Lesser Whitethroat S.curruca and Garden Warbler S.borin) collected in the Tatarstan Republic of Russia between 1957 and 2008. Over the whole period the species returned to their breeding sites between three and six days earlier; these trends were significant except for Whitethroat. Advances in arrival were especially apparent in the two earlier species, Blackcap and Lesser Whitethroat, mainly because local temperatures for March had risen substantially. Except for Whitethroat, FADs were significantly related to temperatures in the African wintering ground and/or in Tatarstan. Whilst significant correlations occurred between FADs of some of the species, there was considerable variability in these relationships indicating a species-specific response to rising temperatures. Changes in FADs in this eastern extremity of Europe were smaller than in Central and Western Europe.

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Patterns of spring arrival dates differ in two hirundines

Cited by 33 publications

References 22 publications

Novel methods reveal shifts in migration phenology of barn swallows in South Africa

Novel methods reveal shifts in migration phenology of barn swallows in South Africa

Climate change and timing of avian breeding and migration throughout Europe

Spring migration timing of Sylvia warblers in Tatarstan (Russia) 1957–2008

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