Patterns of Sentence Comprehension in Aphasia: A Consideration of Three Hypotheses

Berndt, Rita Sloan; Mitchum, Charlotte C.; Wayland, Sarah C.

doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1799

Cited by 58 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It must be revised, perhaps even abandoned, when confronted with data for which it cannot account. Thus, an old debate has been revived in recent years, in which the coherence of the clinical categorization as well as the validity of the TDH has been challenged (see Badecker &Miceli et al 1989, for attacks on the syndrome-based conception; see also Berndt et al 1997, Hickok et al 1993, and Lukatela et al 1995, for critiques of the TDH on the basis of new data). Many (if not most) objections have been explained away; in some cases patient selection was the cause of the inconsistency (patients that were not Broca's aphasics were included in the experimental group) and in others there were problems with experimental procedures or design; in still others, the results may have been misanalyzed or misinterpreted Grodzinsky 1991;Zurif 1996;Zurif et al 1989).…”

Section: Generality and Counterevidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As Grodzinsky acknowledges (sect. 2.4.2), short-term verbal memory tasks activate the inferior frontal convexity , which may explain why Broca's aphasics generally have more problems with longer sentences when they deviate from the active (Berndt 1997). Grodzinsky's hypothesis also fails to account for the finding of Grossman (1980) that Broca's aphasics have a general problem of hierarchical memory organization that is not limited to language (see also Greenfield 1991).…”

Section: Acknowledgmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even when Broca's aphasics demonstrate the expected pattern for active and passive sentences, they may fail to show problems with the other structures that are argued to be related (Berndt et al 1997). This possibility has been investigated by selecting patients for attention whose comprehension performance shows a "syntactically principled deficit."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Could grammatical encoding and grammatical decoding be subserved by the same processing module?

Kempen¹

2000

Behav. Brain Sci.

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Advances in neuroimaging technology have increased our knowledge of the neuroanatomy of higher functions of the central nervous system: It is now possible to get a glimpse of the brain while it is in action. However, this progress would not have been possible without improved understanding of the knowledge base and operations that underlie complex behavior. Parallel to the greater precision of the technology, some progress has been made in our understanding of the cognitive architecture that underlies certain behavioral domains. In the study of brain-language relations, theoretical developments in linguistics have gone hand in hand with imaging, making a joint contribution to behavioral neurology. After several decades of the study of language and the brain from a linguistic angle, there is now a relatively dense body of facts that can be seriously evaluated. This target article will review central results and use them to motivate some novel conclusions about the representation of language in the human cerebral cortex. The discussion will revolve around the choice of unit of behavioral analysis and its theoretical import. An outlook on language derived from current linguistic theory can lead to a new and more precise picture of language and the brain.The old Connectionist school -led by Broca, Wernicke, and Lichtheim (see Lichtheim 1885, for a comprehensive exposition) and revived in our time by the late Norman Geschwind (e.g., 1970;1979) -fortified belief in the existence of cerebral language centers. As clinicians, these authors mostly emphasized the patients' communicative skills, viewing language as a collection of activities, practiced in the service of communication: speaking, listening, reading, writ- Abstract: A new view of the functional role of the left anterior cortex in language use is proposed. The experimental record indicates that most human linguistic abilities are not localized in this region. In particular, most of syntax (long thought to be there) is not located in Broca's area and its vicinity (operculum, insula, and subjacent white matter). This cerebral region, implicated in Broca's aphasia, does have a role in syntactic processing, but a highly specific one: It is the neural home to receptive mechanisms involved in the computation of the relation between transformationally moved phrasal constituents and their extraction sites (in line with the Trace-Deletion Hypothesis). It is also involved in the construction of higher parts of the syntactic tree in speech production. By contrast, basic combinatorial capacities necessary for language processing -for example, structure-building operations, lexical insertion -are not supported by the neural tissue of this cerebral region, nor is lexical or combinatorial semantics. The dense body of empirical evidence supporting this restrictive view comes mainly from several angles on lesion studies of syntax in agrammatic Broca's aphasia. Five empirical arguments are presented: experiments in sentence comprehension, cross-linguistic considerations (where a...

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Section: Generality and Counterevidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acknowledgmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Could grammatical encoding and grammatical decoding be subserved by the same processing module?

Kempen¹

2000

Behav. Brain Sci.

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“…Phonological processing is associated with phrases in both the active and passive voices, while semantic and syntactic processing is involved in the construction of sentences and vocabulary. If the processes are incomplete, the functions become compromised 22,23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language disorders and brain lesion topography in aphasics after stroke

Devido-Santos¹,

Gagliardi²,

Mac-Kay³

2012

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Aphasia is a language disorder associated with focal brain lesions. Although the topographic definition of the language area has been widely accepted, there is not necessarily any direct correlation between the lesion site and the manifested symptoms. Objective: To analyze aspects of language in aphasics in relation to lesion topography. Methods: A prospective, descriptive study of qualitative nature was conducted on 31 individuals, aged older than 15 years, with at least three years of schooling, and a confirmed diagnosis of stroke. Language assessment was carried out using the Montreal Toulouse battery (alpha version), Boston naming test, and FAS test. Language test results were compared against lesion topography findings from magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Heterogeneous results were found when comparing topography with aphasia, non-aphasia, and performance on language scales. Conclusion: No direct relationship was evident between lesion topography, aphasia, and language test performance.

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“…By applying the abovementioned models for explaining oral and written linguistic processes, [15][16][17] we were able to determine that our patient had an intact auditory perception analysis system, since he was able to differentiate nonverbal sounds from verbal sounds. In the oral comprehension task on high-frequency words in Brazilian Portuguese, one of the two errors made had no semantic correlation with the stimulus presented (he pointed to a spade instead of a knife).…”

Section: -17mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aphasia and herpes virus encephalitis: a case study

Soares-Ishigaki¹,

Luchesi²,

Pieri³

et al. 2012

Sao Paulo Med. J.

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CONTEXT: Meningoencephalitis early in life, of any etiology, is a risk factor for development of subsequent sequelae, which may be of physical, psychiatric, behavioral or cognitive origin. Anomia is a language abnormality frequently found in such cases, and other language deficits are rarely described. The aim of this study was to describe the cognitive and linguistic manifestations following a case of herpetic meningoencephalitis in a 13-year-old patient with eight years of schooling. CASE REPORT: The patient underwent a speech-language audiology assessment nine months after the neurological diagnosis. The battery of tests included the Montreal-Toulouse Language Assessment test protocol (MT Beta-86, modified), the description from the Cookie Theft task of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE), an informal assessment of the patient's logical and mathematical reasoning, and the neuropsychological subtests from the WAIS-III scale, which assess working memory. The patient presented mixed aphasia, impairment of short-term memory and working memory, and dyscalculia. This case also presented severe cognitive and linguistic deficits. Prompt diagnosis is crucial, in order to enable timely treatment and rehabilitation of this neurological infection and minimize the cognitive deficits caused by the disease.

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Patterns of Sentence Comprehension in Aphasia: A Consideration of Three Hypotheses

Cited by 58 publications

References 38 publications

Could grammatical encoding and grammatical decoding be subserved by the same processing module?

Could grammatical encoding and grammatical decoding be subserved by the same processing module?

Language disorders and brain lesion topography in aphasics after stroke

Aphasia and herpes virus encephalitis: a case study

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