PATTERNS OF RUST INFECTION AS A FUNCTION OF HOST GENETIC DIVERSITY AND HOST DENSITY IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF THE APOMICTIC CRUCIFER, <i>ARABIS HOLBOELLII</i>

Roy, Barbara A.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb01203.x

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In the interaction between the plant Chondrilla juncea and its rust Puccinia chondrillina, disease primarily occurs in the most common genotypes, as expected under frequency-dependent selection (Chaboudez and Burdon, 1995). However, this pattern was not found in the interaction between Boechera holboellii and Puccinia rusts (Roy, 1993). Finally, several studies have also shown maladaptive changes where susceptible host genotypes increase in frequency (Parker, 1991;Burdon and Thrall, 1999).…”

Section: Genetic Models For the Maintenance Of Polymorphismmentioning

confidence: 79%

Evolution of plant resistance at the molecular level: ecological context of species interactions

Meaux

Mitchell-Olds

2003

Heredity

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Molecular data regarding the diversity of plant loci involved in resistance to herbivores or pathogens are becoming increasingly available. These genes demonstrate variable patterns of diversity, suggesting that they differ in their evolutionary history. In parallel, the study of natural variation for resistance, generally conducted at the phenotypic level, has shown that resistance does not evolve solely under selection pressures exerted by enemies. Metapopulation dynamics and other ecological characteristics of interacting species also appear to have a large impact on resistance evolution. Until now, studies of resistance at the molecular level have been conducted separately from ecological studies in extant populations. Future progress requires an evolutionary approach integrating both molecular and ecological aspects of resistance evolution. Such an approach will contribute greatly to our understanding of the evolution of molecular diversity at loci involved in biotic stress.

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Section: Genetic Models For the Maintenance Of Polymorphismmentioning

confidence: 79%

Evolution of plant resistance at the molecular level: ecological context of species interactions

Meaux

Mitchell-Olds

2003

Heredity

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“…Following one P. antipodarum population over time revealed that parasites drive host genotype oscillations, and parasites were better at infecting recently common than recently rare genotypes (Dybdahl & Lively, 1998). In the plant Arabis holboellii there was no correlation between host commonness and disease incidence with a pathogenic rust fungus in a field survey (Roy, 1993). However, in a transplant experiment rare or foreign genotypes of this plant experienced on average more rust and herbivore attack than common or local ones, indicating local host adaptation (Roy, 1998).…”

Section: The Standard Argumentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Local adaptation in host–parasite systems

1998

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In host-parasite coevolutionary arms races, parasites probably have an evolutionary advantage. Parasite populations should be locally adapted, having higher mean fitness on sympatric than allopatric hosts. Here we assess evidence for local parasite advantage. Further we investigate how adaptation and counter-adaptation of parasites and hosts, necessarily occurring in sympatry, can generate a pattern of local adaptation. Already simple frequency-dependent selection models generate complex patterns of parasite performance on sympatric and allopatric populations. In metapopulations, with extinction, recolonization, and gene flow, variable selection pressure and stochasticity may obscure local processes or change the level at which local adaptation occurs. Alternatively, gene flow may introduce adaptive variation, so differential migration rates can modify the asymmetry of host and parasite evolutionary rates. We conclude that local adaptation is an average phenomenon. Its detection requires adequate replication at the appropriate level, that at which the local processes occur.

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“…Our understanding of the effects of host genetic variation on reduction of disease spread in nature is less clear. Small-scale variation in genetic diversity within populations has been associated with reduced disease in some studies (114) but not in others (2,109). On a larger spatial scale, Thrall and Burdon (124) did report a negative association between disease prevalence and host resistance diversity by surveying multiple host populations in the wild flax-rust pathosystem.…”

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confidence: 94%

Disease in Natural Plant Populations, Communities, and Ecosystems: Insights into Ecological and Evolutionary Processes

Alexander

2010

Plant Disease

104

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Pathogens are associated with virtually all plant species, from a diverse array of habitats. Although we know the most about diseases of economically important plants, the goal of this article is to describe current work on host-pathogen interactions in natural or unmanaged systems outside of the crop field or forestry plantation. Agricultural scientists, of course, have contributed to this research. For example, disease resistance genes are often discovered as a result of surveys of wild relatives of crop plants, and it is well known that crop disease levels can be influenced by diseases in nearby weeds. Starting in the late 1970s, however, research on natural plant-pathogen interactions began to both increase and diversify, with an explicit goal of understanding the ecology and evolution of these interactions. This article will trace the history of this young discipline and provide highlights of ongoing research areas. I will focus on work by ecologists and evolutionary biologists that often is not published in plant pathology or forestry journals.A first step is to define a natural system as opposed to an agricultural or human-managed system. In contrast to most row crops, most natural populations occur in complex spatial arrangements with tens to hundreds of other species, are genetically diverse, and consist of plants of different ages and developmental stages. Seeds produced by a population in one year are the source of future generations at the site. Natural populations need not be pristine; as defined above, roadside weeds are as natural as prairie wildflowers. This natural versus agricultural dichotomy is also, of course, simplistic. Forest plantations and pasture landscapes have many natural attributes, and the degree of distinction between agricultural and natural ecosystems varies around the world.Although there have always been researchers intrigued by the role of pathogens in nature (58), publications in the 1970s and 1980s were influential in introducing the study of plant disease to ecologists and evolutionary biologists. For example, John Harper, a British biologist, published a landmark book in 1977 called Population Biology of Plants (61). This large tome (892 pages) encouraged ecologists to view plants not as vegetation, but as populations of individuals. One of his 17 chapters was titled "Pathogens" and emphasized the effect that disease could have on the structure and dynamics of plant populations and communities. Harper's book was followed a decade later by Jeremy Burdon's 1987 book Diseases and Plant Population Biology (30). Burdon expanded on the ecological consequences of disease and also emphasized genetic interactions between host and pathogen. Both Harper and Burdon emphasized the relevance of crop research and theories developed in an agricultural context, such as van der Plank's (101) work in epidemiology and Flor's gene-for-gene hypothesis (50). Interestingly, at the same time period, several plant pathologists were discussing disease in natural systems (130). Browning (29), in pa...

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PATTERNS OF RUST INFECTION AS A FUNCTION OF HOST GENETIC DIVERSITY AND HOST DENSITY IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF THE APOMICTIC CRUCIFER, ARABIS HOLBOELLII

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

Evolution of plant resistance at the molecular level: ecological context of species interactions

Evolution of plant resistance at the molecular level: ecological context of species interactions

Local adaptation in host–parasite systems

Disease in Natural Plant Populations, Communities, and Ecosystems: Insights into Ecological and Evolutionary Processes

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