Patterns of Referral to a Gender Identity Service for Children and Adolescents (1976–2011): Age, Sex Ratio, and Sexual Orientation

Wood, Hayley; Sasaki, Shoko; Bradley, Susan J.; Singh, Devita; Fantus, Sophia; Owen-Anderson, Allison; Giacomo, Alexander Di; Bain, Jerald; Zucker, Kenneth J.

doi:10.1080/0092623x.2012.675022

Cited by 184 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This limited focus was based on practical as well as theoretical grounds. From a practical standpoint, referral rates for GD in children are low (Wood et al, 2013), which makes participant recruitment for studies requiring large sample sizes a genuine challenge. By relying on the available clinical data found in the two CBCL items used here, however, it was possible to evaluate the potential link between GD and ASD in a large sample and determine whether it would be worthwhile to pursue a more comprehensive examination of this link.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Children With Gender Dysphoria Have Intense/Obsessional Interests?

VanderLaan

Postema

Wood

et al. 2014

The Journal of Sex Research

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This study examined whether children clinically referred for gender dysphoria (GD) show increased symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Circumscribed preoccupations or intense interests were considered as overlapping symptoms expressed in GD and ASD. In gender-referred children (n = 534; 82.2% male) and their siblings (n = 419; 57.5% male), we examined Items 9 and 66 on the Child Behavior Checklist, which measure obsessions and compulsions, respectively. Non-GD clinic-referred (n = 1,201; 48.5% male) and nonreferred (n = 1,201; 48.5% male) children were also examined. Gender-referred children were elevated compared to all other groups for Item 9, and compared to siblings and nonreferred children for Item 66. A gender-related theme was significantly more common for gender-referred boys than male siblings on Item 9 only. A gender-related theme was not significantly more common for gender-referred girls compared to their female siblings on either item. The findings for Item 9 support the idea that children with GD show an elevation in obsessional interests. For gender-referred boys in particular, gender-related themes constituted more than half of the examples provided by their mothers. Intense/obsessional interests in children with GD may be one of the factors underlying the purported link between GD and ASD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Children With Gender Dysphoria Have Intense/Obsessional Interests?

VanderLaan

Postema

Wood

et al. 2014

The Journal of Sex Research

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“…In this way, our examination of boys with GID is an indirect examination of the early acquisition of gay male speech styles. Second, there is a higher incidence of GID in boys than in girls, allowing for the recruitment of a larger number of participants (Wood et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender typicality in children's speech: A comparison of boys with and without gender identity disorder

Munson

Crocker

Pierrehumbert

et al. 2015

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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This study examined whether boys with gender identity disorder (GID) produced less prototypically male speech than control boys without GID, a possibility that has been suggested by clinical observations. Two groups of listeners participated in tasks where they rated the gender typicality of single words (group 1) or sentences (group 2) produced by 15 5-13 year old boys with GID and 15 age-matched boys without GID. Detailed acoustic analyses of the stimuli were also conducted. Boys with GID were rated as less boy-like than boys without GID. In the experiment using sentence stimuli, these group differences were larger than in the experiment using single-word stimuli. Listeners' ratings were predicted by a variety of acoustic parameters, including ones that differ between the two groups and ones that are stereotypically associated with adult men's and women's speech. Future research should examine how these variants are acquired.

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“…1 Although the prevalence of gender nonconformity in youth is unclear, there has been a notable increase in the number of GN youth presenting to specialty clinics over the past decade. 6,9,10 CLINICAL PRESENTATION GN youth may present for care in a variety of ways. For example, parents may bring their son to the pediatrician with a concern that he prefers to play with dolls or wear dresses or bring their daughter because she prefers to be called a traditionally male name or even explicitly wishes she were a boy.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Medical Care of Gender Nonconforming Youth

Vance¹,

2014

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This is the 5th in our series on Adolescent Health. abstract Gender nonconforming (GN) children and adolescents, collectively referred to as GN youth, may seek care to understand their internal gender identities, socially transition to their affirmed genders, and/or physically transition to their affirmed genders. Because general pediatricians are often the first point of contact with the health care system for GN youth, familiarity with the psychological and medical approaches to providing care for this population is crucial. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of existing clinical practice guidelines for GN youth. Such guidelines emphasize a multidisciplinary approach with collaboration of medical, mental health, and social services/advocacy providers. Appropriate training needs to be provided to promote comprehensive, culturally competent care to GN youth, a population that has traditionally been underserved and at risk for negative psychosocial outcomes.

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Patterns of Referral to a Gender Identity Service for Children and Adolescents (1976–2011): Age, Sex Ratio, and Sexual Orientation

Cited by 184 publications

References 7 publications

Do Children With Gender Dysphoria Have Intense/Obsessional Interests?

Do Children With Gender Dysphoria Have Intense/Obsessional Interests?

Gender typicality in children's speech: A comparison of boys with and without gender identity disorder

Psychological and Medical Care of Gender Nonconforming Youth

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