Patterns of reef sedimentation and diagenesis in the Miocene of Cyprus

Follows, Edward J.

doi:10.1016/0037-0738(92)90013-h

Cited by 52 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Although, strontium data are lacking for this area, the stratigraphy is similar to that described for the Hatay Graben, indicating that the gypsums in the Nahir El-Kabi half-graben could belong to the RLG. Similar successions have been described for the Messinian evaporites in a number of sub-basins on Cyprus -the Polemi and Pissori sub-basins in the west and the Maroni sub-basin in the south (e.g., Eaton, 1987;Follows, 1992;Payne and Robertson, 1995;Robertson et al, 1995;Rouchy et al, 2001;Krijgsman et al, 2002;Manzi et al, 2015). In the western Polemi and Pissouri Basins, Tortonian marl successions reflect the progressive shallowing from ~ 500 m at Tortonian/Messinian boundary to < 100 m water depth and marine isolation leading up to the onset of evaporite deposition during the MSC (Kouwenhoven et al, 2006).…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 79%

The Miocene–Pliocene boundary and the Messinian Salinity Crisis in the easternmost Mediterranean: Insights from the Hatay Graben (Southern Turkey)

Boulton

Smart

Consolaro

et al. 2016

Sedimentary Geology

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The Hatay Graben is one of three easternmost basins in the Mediterranean that preserve sediments that span the Miocene-Pliocene boundary, including gypsums from the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC). Here we integrate existing data and present new sedimentological and micropalaeontological data to investigate the palaeoenvironments of late Miocene to early Pliocene deposits and place this important area into a regional stratigraphic framework. Six sections are described along a ~ W -E transect illustrating the key features of this time period. Late Miocene (Pre-MSC) sediments are characterised by open marine marls with a benthic foraminiferal fauna suggestive of water depths of 100 -200 m or less. Primary lower gypsum deposits are determined to be absent from the graben as sedimentological and strontium isotopes are characteristic of the resedimented lower gypsums. The intervening Messinian erosion surface is preserved near the basin margins as an unconformity but appears to be a correlative conformity in the basin depocentre. No Upper Gypsums or 'Lago-Mare' facies have been identified but available data do tentatively suggest a return to marine conditions in the basin prior to the Zanclean boundary. Sediments stratigraphically overlying the Messinian gypsums and marls are coarse-grained sandstones from coastal and Gilbert-type delta depositional environments. The Hatay Graben is not only strikingly similar to Messinian basins on nearby Cyprus but also to the overall model for the MSC, demonstrating the remarkable consistency of palaeoenvironments found in marginal basins across the region at this time. This research also raises questions as to the timing of the Mediterranean reflooding and the significance of the widespread mega-breccias of the resedimented gypsum deposits.

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Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 79%

The Miocene–Pliocene boundary and the Messinian Salinity Crisis in the easternmost Mediterranean: Insights from the Hatay Graben (Southern Turkey)

Boulton

Smart

Consolaro

et al. 2016

Sedimentary Geology

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“…Active southward thrusting of the Limassol Forest block, associated with localized uplift and initial exposure, is related to the onset of northward subduction of Africa beneath Cyprus (Eaton and Robertson 1993). Coral patch reefs locally occur both at the base (Terra Member) and top of the Pakhna Formation, where they grew on up-faulted blocks (Koronia Member;Follows 1992).…”

Section: The Pillow-lava Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actualistic Ophiolite Provenance: The Cyprus Case

Garzanti¹,

Andó²,

Scutellà³

2000

The Journal of Geology

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The island of Cyprus represents an excellent site to assess quantitatively petrologic clastic response to actively obducting oceanic sources in order to define an actualistic reference for ophiolite provenance, in terms of framework composition and heavy mineral suites. An improved methodology, an extension of the classic ternary QFL logic to include a wider spectrum of key indexes and ratios, provides an accurate synthesis of modal data and allows differentiation of three main petrographic provinces and at least seven subprovinces. Diagnostic signatures of detritus from various levels of an oceanic lithospheric source, and criteria for distinguishing provenance from suprasubduction versus mid-oceanic ophiolites are also outlined. Modern sands derived from the Troodos Ophiolite contain variable proportions of largely pelagic carbonate to chert, boninite to basalt, diabase to metabasite, plagiogranite to gabbroic, and cumulate grains supplied from progressively deeper-seated levels of the multilayered oceanic crust. Dense minerals are mainly clinopyroxenes (diopside), prevailing over orthopyroxenes (enstatite, hypersthene, clinoenstatite), hornblende, tremolite/actinolite, and epidote. Where serpentinized mantle harzburgites have been unroofed, detritus is markedly enriched in cellular serpentinite grains and enstatite, with still negligible olivine and spinel. Sedimentaclastic sands dominated by chert (Mamonia Province) or carbonate grains (Kyrenia Province) are deposited along the southern and northern shores of the island, respectively. Compositions of Cyprus sands are virtually unaffected by climatic, sedimentary, or anthropic processes; recycling of sandstones from foreign sources is a major process only in the Karpaz Peninsula. Petrographic analysis also provides an independent mean to identify prevalent directions of longshore sand transport.

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“…The Neogene sedimentary sequence on Cyprus shows a gradual shallowing from Palaeocene^Oli-gocene deep-water pelagic carbonates (Lefkara Formation [20]), through mixed detrital and carbonate sediments (Pakhna Formation [21]) and reefal limestones (Koronia Member [22]), to the Messinian evaporites [12,17]. Deeper water conditions were re-established at the beginning of the Pliocene before renewed shallowing in middle Pliocene times [17,23].…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%