Patterns of political violence and responses of the government in Sri Lanka, 1971–1996

Samaranayake, G.V.P.

doi:10.1080/09546559908427497

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Violence erupted in 1983 when the LTTE killed 13 Sri Lankan soldiers (Nadarajah & Sriskandarajah, 2005, p. 89). The Sri Lankan Government has since been in repeated conflict with the LTTE (see Samaranayake, 1999). In the history of the conflict between the LTTE and the Sri Lankan government, the label 'terrorism' has had three effects: it has de-legitimised the Tamil project; generated domestic Sinhalese support for government actions; and helped the government gain international support (Nadarajah & Sriskandarajah, 2005, p. 91).…”

Section: Discursive Practices Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Torture Possible

Barnes¹

2013

Journal of South Asian Development

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The escalation of the violent conflict in Sri Lanka since 2006 has put the spotlight on the role torture played as a military strategy against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Despite Sri Lanka being a State Party to major United Nations treaties on human rights, the Sri Lankan government secretly used torture to gain confessions, intelligence and to punish the LTTE. Torture techniques were brutal, including burnings with soldering irons, beatings and electric shocks. How was this use of torture possible? Using a discursive practices approach, I examine how a 'reality' was constructed that placed the LTTE outside moral boundaries and made the use of torture possible.

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Section: Discursive Practices Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Torture Possible

Barnes¹

2013

Journal of South Asian Development

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“…Enders et al (1992) Greece, Italy and Austria, Quarterly Data 1974Data -1988 Greece, Italy and Austria suffered severe revenue losses from tourism as a consequence of terrorism. Fleischer and Buccola (2002) Israel, 1987-1999 Foreign tourism is sensitive to terrorism, while domestic terrorism is not. Shifts from foreign to domestic terrorism in the face of terrorism cannot compensate for losses due to reduced international tourism.…”

Section: Impacts Across Sectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economics of Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism: A Survey (Part II)

2010

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Economics of Security Working Paper SeriesEconomics of Security is an initiative managed by DIW Berlin AbstractThis survey provides an in-depth analysis of existing research on the economic analysis of terrorism and counter-terrorist measures. First the existing evidence on the causes of terrorism is analyzed, then we consider the evidence of the consequences of terrorism and we demonstrate why it is important to regarding of the issue of counter-terrorism policy. Moreover the survey presents the existing knowledge on the interrelation between the economy and the issue of security and it incorporates analysis the level of knowledge about the causal chains between security and the economy. Also it focuses on perspective and methodologies from the discipline of economics but also refers to research from related disciplines (sociology, political science). It also assembles the knowledge on the impact of terrorism on the economy as reflected in macro-economic variables and its impact on specific sectors. Furthermore it assesses how potential an actual terrorist event determine consumer and producer behaviour, public policy, as well as terrorist responses to these policies. Finally a European perspective on the terrorism security annexes is discussed and here we analyze the causes of terrorism in Europe.JEL-Code: K42, H56, O17.Keywords: risk, insecurity, survey, terrorism, counter-terrorism, security economics This paper consists of two parts. Part I comprises chapters 1 to 4 and part II comprises chapters 5 to 9 -including the references.

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“…The situation was exacerbated by the presence of a large pool of Sinhalese university graduates resulting from an expansion of the educational system, and an economy that failed to provide anywhere near enough jobs for the new graduates (Samaranayake, 1997, pp. 103–5; 1999, p. 113). The position of the Tamils in the state was directly threatened by these changes in the prevailing political structure.…”

Section: The Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Tamil Tigers have drawn upon significant support among the entire minority population, reflecting doubts about that population's status and prospects for the future in a state dominated by the majority that is determined to provide advantages for the Sinhalese. The Tamils were also victims of government repression and attacks against the general Tamil population that were organized by the Sinhalese and largely ignored by the authorities (Krishna, 1992, p. 270; Samaranayake, 1999, p. 117). The doubts that the Tamils had about their future in Sri Lanka had to be exacerbated when the economy stagnated and income inequality was on the increase (Samaranayake, 1997, p. 104).…”

Section: The Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Sensitivity and Terrorism

Kuznar

Lutz

2007

Political Studies

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One enduring question about terrorism is why individuals choose to join terrorist groups. Past studies have shown that terrorists are not always poor, and they can in fact come from more privileged groups in society. Risk sensitivity and prospect theory are approaches that can help explain some of the anomalies. They suggest that two types of group are likely to supply members for terrorist organizations in disproportionate numbers. One group consists of those who face a loss of status or position due to ongoing changes in society. A second group consists of those who have an opportunity to gain a major advance in status or position. Both groups are thus more likely or more willing to take risks such as joining dissident terrorists – either to maintain their position or to improve it. An analysis of the situation of Palestinian nationalists, nationalists in Northern Ireland and the Tamils in Sri Lanka provides support for the idea that sensitivity to risk can be an important factor in explaining the willingness of individuals to join terrorist groups.

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Patterns of political violence and responses of the government in Sri Lanka, 1971–1996

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Making Torture Possible

Making Torture Possible

The Economics of Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism: A Survey (Part II)

Risk Sensitivity and Terrorism

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